抑癌基因p15、Rb在喉鳞状细胞癌中表达的研究

目的 :研究抑癌基因p15、Rb蛋白表达对喉鳞状细胞癌诊断、治疗及预后判断的意义。方法 :用免疫组化SABC法检测喉癌组 45例石蜡标本与对照组 15例喉部正常或增生的黏膜上皮标本的 p15、Rb蛋白表达情况。结果 :喉鳞状细胞癌组p15蛋白阳性率 (48.9%)与对照组阳性率 (10 0 .0 %)比较 ,差异有极显著性意义 (P<0 .0 1) ;喉癌组中 0～Ⅱ期 p15蛋白阳性率 (6 6 .7%)与Ⅲ～Ⅳ期阳性率 (33.3%)比较 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;喉癌组Rb蛋白阳性率 (88.9%)与对照组阳性率 (93.3%)比较 ,差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;2× 2列联表 χ2 检验 ,p15、Rb蛋白表达无相关性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;对照组中 ,p15蛋白的表达以鳞状上皮组织中远离基膜的棘层细胞、颗粒层细胞明显 ,而Rb蛋白的表达则以基底层细胞及近侧棘层细胞明显。结论 :抑癌基因 p15的表达缺失对喉鳞状细胞癌的发生、发展有一定的作用 ,p15蛋白的检测对喉鳞状细胞癌的治疗及估计预后有指导意义 ;喉鳞状细胞癌组织中 p15、Rb的蛋白表达无相关性 ;正常及增生的喉部鳞状上皮的细胞层次间 ,p15、Rb蛋白表达不一致 ,p15蛋白表达对细胞增殖有抑制作用。

The study on the expression of tumor-suppressor gene p15 and Rb in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical significance of p15 and Rb protein expressions in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCC). METHOD: p15 and Rb proteins were examined with immunohistochemical SABC method in the paraffin-embedded specimens of 45 cases with LSCC and 15 cases of laryngeal normal or proliferative mucosas of larynx as a contrast. RESULT: The positive rate of p15 protein in the cases of LSCC is 48.9%, while the positive rate in the other group is 100%. The difference is significant. The positive rate of p15 protein is 66.7% in the group of LSCC during 0-II phases, and in the other group of LSCC during III-IV phases, the positive rate is 33.3%. The difference is significant. The positive rate of Rb protein in the cases of LSCC is 88.9%, the positive rate in the other group as a contrast is 93.3%, the difference between two groups isn't significant. Analyzed by chi-square test, p15 protein expressions don't correlate with Rb protein expressions in the cases of LSCC. Rb protein expressed apparently positiveness in the basal cells and adjacent stratum spinosum cells of laryngeal stratified squamous epithelium, while p15 protein expressed apparently positiveness in the distant stratum spinosum cells and stratum granulosum cells. CONCLUSION: Tumor-suppressor gene p15 may play an important role in the genesis and development of LSCC. The analysis of p15 protein expression may provide evidence for the therapeutics and evaluate prognosis of LSCC. p15 and Rb proteins aren't parallel in each stratum of the laryngeal normal or proliferative stratified squamous epithelium. p15 protein plays an important role in cell proliferation.