我国基本药物目录、基本医疗保险药物目录和WHO基本药物目录比较

目的比较我国《基本药物目录》、《国家基本医疗保险药物目录》与世界卫生组织（WHO）《基本药物目录》的异同，为调整我国新的《基本药物目录》和《国家基本医疗保险药物目录》提供科学依据：方法比较分析我国《基本药物目录》、《国家基本医疗保险药物目录》和WHO《基本药物目录》在药物遴选、标准和方法更新及所包含的药物种类、亚类、具体收录药物等方面的异同。结果我国《基本药物目录》、《国家基本医疗保险药物目录》与WHO《基本药物目录》在药物遴选与更新方面存在较大差异。WHO最新《基本药物目录》（2007年版）收录27个种类，共340种药物；我国最新《基本药物目录》（2004年版）收录23个种类，共773种药物，其中包含WHO基本药物23个种类，重合225种药物，重合率66．17％，占我国《基本药物目录》的29．11％；我国《国家基本医疗保险药物目录》（2005年版）收录23个种类，共1031种药物，其中包含WHO基本药物22个种类，重合227种药物。重合率66．76％，占我国《国家基本医疗保险药品目录》的22．02％。我国《国家基本医疗保险药物目录》以我国《基本药物目录》为指导，两者在药物遴选、更新和具体药物收录方面差异较小。结论我国《基本药物目录》、我国《国家基本医疗保险药品目录》与WHO《基本药物目录》在药物遴选、更新、具体药物收录等方面有较大差异，建议以WHO《基本药物目录》为指导，进一步完善药物目录的遴选原则和更新程序，科学合理地收录基本药物。

A Comparative Study among the Essential Medicine List, National Insurance Medicine List of China, and National Essential Medicine List of the WHO

Objective To compare the national essential medicines list (EML) and national essential insurance medicine list (EIML) of China with that of the WHO, so as to provide reasonable evidence for the adjustment of new EML and EIML of China. Methods The similarities and differences in the selection, updating, categories, subcategories and the amounts of medicines in the EML and EIML of China and the WHO EML were compared and analyzed. Results There are some differences among the three lists in selecting principles, updating of medicines .The latest version of WHO EML (version in 2007) has 27 categories, including 340 medicines; China EML (version in 2004) has 23 categories and 773 western medicines, containing 23 categories and 225 (66.17%) similar medicines of WHO EML, which accounts for 29.11% of EML of China. China EIML (version in 2005) has 23 categories and 1 031 western medicines, containing 22 categories and 227 (66.76%) of WHO EML, which accounts for 22.02% of EIML of China. China EIML was developed based on China EML There is little difference in selecting, updating, categories of medicines. Conclusion The difference was obviously found in medicine selection, updating and categories between China EML, EIML and WHO EML. We suggested that our national EML and EIML should be more reasonably selected and updated base on the principals of WHO EML.