三种拟胆碱药的缩瞳作用比较

目的比较新斯的明、毒扁豆碱和毛果芸香碱对兔眼的缩瞳作用。方法１８只家兔随机分为三组，用三种拟胆碱药水溶液滴眼，测量用药前后的瞳孔直径。结果滴眼后，三种药均在１０ｍｉｎ内出现缩瞳，０．５—１ｈ内达最大效应，１．５—２．５ｈ内逐渐减弱。药后５０ｍｉｎ内，毒扁豆碱的缩瞳效应优于新斯的明和毛果芸香碱，药后１—１．５ｈ内，三者的作用无明显差异。新斯的明与毛果芸香碱的缩瞳作用相似。结论新斯的明、毒扁豆碱和毛果芸香碱滴眼给药，均能缩小兔眼瞳孔，其时效关系相似。

MYOTIC EFFECTS OF THREE CHOLINOMIMETICS IN RABBITS

Objective To compare the myotic effects of physostigmine, pilocarpine and neostigmine in rabbits. Methods Eighteen rabbits were divided into 3 groups at random. The three cholinomimetics were administered locally to eyes as equeous solution respectively. The pupillary diameters were measured before and after administration. Results When the three agents were applied locally to the conjunctiva, the myosis occured in 10 minutes, became maximal in 0.5-1 hours, and weakened grandually in 1.5-2.5 hours. The myotic effects of 0.5% physostigmine were superior to 1% pilocarnine and 0.05% neostigmine in 50 minutes, and there was no significant difference among them in 1-2.5 hours. The myosis of neostigmine was comparable with pilocarpine. Conclusion Physostigmine, neostigmine and pilocarpine, when applied locally to the eye in rabbits, could cause myosis and their time-effect relationships were comparable.