144例新生儿痤疮的临床特点

 目的: 了解新生儿痤疮的临床特点。方法：对2018年6-12月我院皮肤科确诊的144例新生儿痤疮进行随访调查，并对资料进行回顾性分析。结果：共收集患儿144例,其中男107例(74.31％)，女37例(25.69％);顺产94例（65.28%）;平均发病年龄为19.6 d。纯母乳喂养84例(58.33％)，奶粉喂养32例（22.22%），混合喂养28例（19.44%）。114例（79.17%）患儿父母一方或双方有痤疮病史，25例（17.36%）较严重。面部遗留凹陷性瘢痕27例（18.75%）。遗留瘢痕的父母有痤疮病史的有25例，严重的有6例。父母至少有一人有痤疮病史的,患婴儿痤疮后更易遗留瘢痕( X²=0.01,P<0.01);其中父母如有严重痤疮病史,更易遗留瘢( X²=0.03,P<0.01)。遗留瘢痕的患儿肤色偏白9例，偏黑8例，肤色适中10例。结论：新生儿痤疮易误诊，如父母有青春期痤疮病史，特别是病情严重的，其子女更易遗留瘢痕。临床医生应该提高认识，帮助患儿及家长更好地防治痤疮及瘢痕的发生。

Clinical characteristics of 144 cases of neonatal acne

Objective： To explore the clinical characteristics of neonatal acne. Methods:144 patients of neonatal acne from 20186 to 201812 were studied in this study. Results:A total of 144 cases were collected, including 107 males (74.31%) and 37 females (25.69%), 94 cases (65.28%) of normal delivery. The average age of onset was 19.6 days. 84 cases (58.33%) were exclusively breast fed, 32 cases (22.22%) were fed with formula milk, and 28 cases (19.44%) were mixed fed. One or both parents of 114 cases (79.17%) had a history of acne, and 25 cases (17.36%) were serious. There were 27 cases (18.75%) with acne atrophic scars,in which 25 parents with a history of acne, and 6 severe. Children with at least one parent with a history of acne are more likely to leave scars after infant acne( X²=0.01,P<0.01). Among them, if the parents have a history of severe acne, their children are more likely to leave scars  ( X²=0.03,P<0.01). There were 9 cases with white skin, 8 cases with black skin, and 10 cases with moderate skin color. Conclusion: Neonatal acne is easy to be misdiagnosed. If parents have a history of adolescent acne, especially severe cases, their children are more likely to leave scars. Clinicians should raise awareness, help children and parents better prevent and treat acne and scar.