糖尿病性黄斑水肿的药物治疗现状

糖尿病性黄斑水肿及增殖型糖尿病性视网膜病变是导致糖尿病性视网膜病变患者视功能损害的两大主要原因,其中糖尿病性黄斑水肿是非增殖型糖尿病病变视功能损害的主要原因。目前糖尿病性黄斑水肿的治疗包括眼底激光、药物及玻璃体手术。血管内皮生长因子及炎症因素在糖尿病性黄斑水肿发生发展过程中均起非常重要作用,且炎症因子及血管内皮生长因子相互刺激分泌,促进糖尿病性黄斑水肿的形成,因此药物主要包括抗血管内皮生长因子药物及皮质类固醇类药物。近年来,随着对抗血管内皮生长因子药物及皮质类固醇类药物治疗研究的不断深入,现就糖尿病性黄斑水肿的药物治疗现状作一综述。

Status quo of medication for diabetic macular edema

Diabetic macular edema and proliferative diabetic retinopathy are the two main causes of visual impairment in patients with diabetic retinopathy,and diabetic macular edema is the main cause of visual impairment in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy.At present,the treatment methods of diabetic macular edema include fundus laser,medication and vitreous surgery.Vascular endothelial growth factor and inflammatory factors play a very important role in the occurrence and development of diabetic macular edema,and inflammatory factors and vascular endothelial growth factor stimulate each other to secrete and promote the formation of diabetic macular edema.Therefore,the targeted medications mainly include anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs and corticosteroid drugs.Based on the deepening research of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs and corticosteroid drugs in recent years,the status quo of medication for diabetic macular edema is reviewed.