七氟醚-咪达唑仑-瑞芬太尼麻醉诱导用于颈部制动患者无肌松药气管插管的可行性

目的 评价七氟醚-咪达唑仑-瑞芬太尼麻醉诱导用于颈部制动患者无肌松药气管插管的可行性.方法 颈椎骨折伴脱位拟在全麻下手术患者40例,年龄13～68岁,ASA分级Ⅰ～Ⅲ级.静脉注射咪达唑仑0.03 mg/kg,面罩吸入5%七氟醚,每30 s递减1%,直至3%.待患者睫毛反射消失时,45 s内缓慢静脉注射瑞芬太尼2μg/kg,30 s后停止吸入七氟醚,气管插管后行机械通气.记录睫毛反射消失时间,采用Viby-Mogensen评分法评价气管插管条件.结果 睫毛反射消失时间(69±4)s,一次气管插管成功率为100%,喉镜置入顺利,声门暴露基本良好.3例患者气管插管时出现轻微呛咳.气管插管条件优良率100%.所有患者SpO2均＞95%,气管插管前至气管插管后3 min BIS值40～55.结论 七氟醚-咪达唑仑-瑞芬太尼麻醉诱导迅速而平稳,可提供良好的气管插管条件,适用于颈部制动患者无肌松药气管插管,安全可行.

Feasibility of induction with sevoflurane-midazolam-remifentanil for tracheal intubation without muscle relaxants in neck brake patients

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of induction with sevoflurane-midazolam-remifentail for tracheal intubation without muscle relaxants in neck brake patients.Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients with cervical spine fracture with dislocation,aged 13-68 yr,scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia,were enrolled in this study.Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of midazolam 0.03 mg/kg and inhalation of 5%sevoflurane through a mask.Sevoflurane was inhaled at the initial concentration of 5%,followed by decrement of 1% every 30 s until 3%.When the eyelash reflex disappeared,remifentanil 2 μg/kg was injected slowly over 45s and 30 s later sevoflurane inhalation was stopped.The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation.The time of disappearance of eyelash reflex was recorded.The intubation condition was evaluated using VibyMogensen score.Results All patients were successfully intubated at the first attempt.The time period from sevoflurane inhalation to disappearance of eyslash reflex was(69 ± 4)s.Coughing occurred in 3 cases during intubation.The satisfactory intubation conditions were found in 100% of cases.SpO2 ＞ 95% in all patients.BlS was maintained at 45-55 during the period(before intubation until 3 min after intubation).Conclusion Induction with sevoflurane-midazolam-remifentail is rapid and smooth,provides good conditions for intubation and can be applied to tracheal intubation without muscle relaxants in neck brake patients.