中毒伤害住院病例748例流行特征分析

目的了解山东省部分地区中毒病例流行特征,为以后的干预工作提供依据。方法收集2012年山东省部分住院伤害监测点中毒伤害病例的一般信息、中毒事件基本情况、临床信息等,利用SPSS18.0软件进行统计分析。结果共收集中毒病例748例,占全部住院伤害监测病例的4.90%。中毒类型最多的为农药中毒,占66.58%,其次分别为一氧化碳中毒（16.44%）、药物中毒（10.70%）、腐蚀伤（3.21%）、酒精中毒（1.34%）、其他中毒（1.74%）。男女性别比为0.63∶1;其中,腐蚀伤、酒精中毒、其他中毒男性明显多于女性。患者以青壮年从事农牧渔水利业人员为主。伤害意图分布中,农药中毒和药物中毒以自残/自杀为主,其他类型中毒以非故意（意外事故）为主。住宅是中毒发生的主要地点。中毒时的活动以特指的活动和生命必需活动为主。病例的结局主要是治疗后回家。结论农药中毒、一氧化碳中毒和药物中毒是我省部分地区中毒伤害的主要原因,是将来干预的重点领域;女性更容易受到化学制品或其他物质的危害,是将来干预的重点人群。

Epidemiology analysis of 748 poisoning cases in hospital injury surveillance system

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of poisoning cases of Shandong province and provide the basis for intervention. Methods Data from the hospital injury surveillance system in 2012 was analyzed by SPSS18.0. Results There were 748 poisoning cases reported by the hospital injury surveillance system in 2012. The most poisoning type was pesticide poisoning, accounting for 66.58%, followed by carbon monoxide poisoning（16.44%）, drug poisoning（10.70%）, corrosive injury（3.21%）, alcoholic poisoning（1.34%）, other type of poisoning（1.74%）. The male to female ratio was 0.63∶1. Corrosive injury, alcoholic poisoning,poisoning by other of men were more than women. Young adult patients engaged in animal husbandry and fishery water conservation. Damage distribution in intent, pesticide poisoning and drug intoxication were self-harm/commit suicide,and other types of poisoning by non-intentional（accident）. Housing was the main place of poisoning. Poisoning at activities mainly referred to activities and life essential activities. The end of the cases was mainly home after treatment. Conclusion Pesticide poisoning, carbon monoxide poisoning and drug poisoning are the main causes of damage in some areas of our province, are key areas of intervention in the future. Women are more vulnerable to the harmful chemicals or other substances, are the focus of intervention in the future.