饮水型氟中毒病区改水后食物氟对人群健康影响的研究

目的研究改水后食物氟对人群健康的影响，探讨控制总摄氟量的措施。方法以改饮低氟水15年以上的2个村为观察组，正常非氟病区的1个村为对照组。分别测定水、土、粮、菜、空气氟含量，并对改水后出生的8～16岁儿童氟斑牙和尿氟水平评价指标进行考核。结果观察组粮、菜氟含量是对照组的3．6倍。观察组儿童每日人均摄氟量(3．419mg)比对照组(1．438mg)高2．38倍；儿童氟斑牙(白垩型)患病率(21．65％)显著高于对照组；儿童尿氟含量均值(2．59mg／L)明显高于对照组同年龄尿氟水平。其中经食物摄入的氟占总摄入量的66．07％。结论饮水型氟中毒病区居民在改饮低氟水15年后，仍因摄入过量的食物氟而产生蓄积中毒。

Effects of food fluorine on human health in fulfilled water-improving fluorosis area

Objective To study the effect of food fluorine on human health in fulfilled water improving fluorosis area,and to explore the countermeasure of controling the total intake of fluorine.Methods Two villages in fluorosis area having fulfilled water improving for fifteen years are defined as test group,and one village in normal fluorine as control group.The contents of fluoride in water,soil,grain,vegetable and air of two groups are determined,and dental fluorosis and the contents of fluoride in urine of children from eight to sixteen years old who borned in fluorosis area having fulfilled water improving are estimated.Results Compared with control group,the content of fluoride in grain of test group was 3.6 times higher,the average intake of fluorine of children in test group (3.419 mg) was 2.38 times higher,the case rate of children dental fluorosis (chalkiness) in test group markedly increased(21.65%)and had significant difference,the average contents of fluoride in urine of children in test group (2.59 mg/L) markedly increased.The percentage of intake of fluorine by means of food was 66.07%.Conclusions Having fulfilled water improving for fifteen years,peoples in drinking water type endemic fluorosis area also taked in excessive fluoride by means of food,and caused cumulative intoxication of fluoride.