人工髓核材料的研究进展

椎间盘退变性疾病是一种临床常见疾病，40%的下腰背疼痛是由腰椎间盘退变引起的。临床手术治疗只能在短期内缓解症状，无法达到根治的目的。在髓核摘除术后，人工髓核组织材料包括最早的硅橡胶、不锈钢和现在使用的水凝胶材料被用来填补病变的髓核组织，维持椎间盘足够的高度。随着组织工程和材料科学的不断发展，有希望使用干细胞或多能细胞来修复病变椎间盘或逆转其退变过程，重塑椎间盘的生理功能。现阶段组织工程仍然需要面临的问题是能否找到一种近似于髓核组织结构和功能的细胞外支架，为种子细胞的生长和生理活动提供合适的环境。文章就人工髓核材料的发展历史以及目前的研究情况展开综述。

Advances in prosthetic disc nucleus material

Degenerative disc disease is very common in clinical, and 40%of low back pain is caused by lumbar disc degeneration. Clinical surgery can relieve symptoms in the short term, but it cannot achieve the purpose of cure. In discectomy surgery, the artificial nucleus pulposus material such as silicone rubber, stainless steel, and hydrogel material is used to ifll the defect of nucleus pulposus, in order to maintain a suffcient height of disc. With the continuous development of tissue engineering and materials science, it will be possible to use stem cells or multipotent cells to cure disc disease, and to restore the physiological function of the intervertebral disc. Now the problem that tissue engineering still has to face is how to ifnd an extracellular scaffold which has similar structure and function of the nucleus pulposus to provide a suitable environment for the growth and physiological activity of nucleus pulposus cells. hTe article reviews the history of the development of artiifcial nucleus material and the current research situation.