2014年苏州市出生窒息发生情况及其影响因素分析

目的：了解苏州市新生儿出生窒息发生情况及其相关危险因素，通过加强围生期保健管理，进一步预防苏州市新生儿出生窒息发生，提高出生人口素质。方法登陆苏州市妇幼卫生信息平台，调取2014年苏州市妇幼保健院新生儿分娩登记信息，包括 Apgar 评分、孕妇年龄、户籍、分娩孕周、胎儿性别、出生体质量、胎数、胎位、胎次、产次、产检次数和分娩方式等，选择胎龄≥28周活产儿进行出生窒息单因素卡方分析和多因素 Logistic 回归模型评估相关性。结果2014年苏州市妇幼保健院新生儿出生窒息发生率为1.05%。外地户籍、分娩孕周<37周、出生体质量<2500 g 或≥4000 g、产次≥3次、助产和剖宫产均为新生儿出生窒息发生的危险因素(P <0.05)，而胎数≥2为新生儿出生窒息的保护因素(P <0.01)。结论出生窒息严重危害新生儿健康，产前及产时多因素均为其影响因素，需加强围生期管理，强化新生儿复苏技能培训，从而降低出生窒息发生概率和危害性。

The Analysis of the Incidenceand Influencing Factors of Neonatal Asphyxia in Suzhou, 2014

Objectives To investigate the incidence rate and influencing factors of neonatal asphyxia in Suzhou, and strengthen the intervention measures of prenatal health care to prevent neonatal asphyxia and improve the birth population quality.Methods We collected the delivery information of the live births whose gestational age≥28 W in Suzhou Maternal And Child Healthcare Hospital during 2014 on the MCHMIS,which include Apgar scores,mater-nal age,census register,gestational age,fetus’s sex,birth weight,embryo number,position of the fetus,pregnant times,delivery times,the time of antenatal care,and delivery way,and performed Chi-square analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis to analyze the risk factors of neonatal asphyxia.Results The incidence rate of neonatal asphyxia in Suzhou Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital was 1.05%.We found embryo number≥2 was protec-tive factors of neonatal asphyxia(P <0.01),while floating population,gestational age<37 w,birth weight<2 500 g or birth weight≥4 000 g,delivery times≥ 3,assisted vaginal delivery or caesarean section were the risk factors of neonatal asphyxia(P <0.05).Conclusions Neonatal asphyxia damage the newborn’s health seriously,multiple ante-partum and intrapartum factors are the influence factors.We need to strengthen the management of prenatal care and the training of neonatal resuscitation skills,in order to reduce the probability and the perniciousness of neonatal as-phyxia.