急性药物中毒235例临床特征分析

目的总结急性药物中毒患者的特点和规律，探讨急性药物中毒的防治对策。方法回顾性分析1993-2011年收治的235例急性药物中毒住院患者临床资料。结果235例患者中，男116例，女119例，年龄（49．4±27．8）岁。死亡10例，病死率4．26％。医源性中毒以老年人居多，误服以学龄前儿童居多，自杀倾向以中青年居多（P〈0．01）。按中毒药物来源分析，医源性和误服中毒药物多种多样，以地高辛较为集中（89．74％），自杀倾向主要为苯二氮革类（63．46％）、止痛类（86．67％）和环类抗抑郁药物（83．33％）。结论综合性医院常见急性药物中毒来源多种多样，老年人以医源性中毒多见，儿童主要是误服中毒，中青年（特别是女性）多为自杀倾向，应提高合理用药，加强药品管理，注重心理调适。

A retrospective survey of 235 acute medications poisoning

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of acute medications poisoning and provide preventive measures. Methods To analyze the current status of acute medications poisoning by epidemiology, 235 hospitalized poisoning patients in Chinese PLA General Hospital from 1993 to 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. Results 235 cases of patients, male 116 cases, female 119 cases, age （49.4 _＋ 27.8） years old. 10 died, the mortality rate was 4.26%. Iatrogenic intoxica- tion mainly found in the older crowd, mostly wrongly to preschoolers, suicidal tendencies, mostly found in young patients （P 〈 0.01 ）. Source Analysis by poisoning drugs, iatrogenie and wrongly poisoning drugs varied, with digoxin is more con- centrated （89.74%）, suicidal tendencies mainly benzodiazepines （63.46%）, analgesic （86.67%） and the ring antidepressants （ 83.33% ）. Conclusion General hospital with acute poisoning common variety of sources, more common in older people with iatrogenic poisoning, mainly wrongly poisoning children, young （especially women） are mostly suicidal tendencies, should raise the rational Use of drugs, strengthen drug management, focus on psychological adjustment.