纳洛酮不同用药方案治疗重度酒精中毒的疗效比较

目的观察纳洛酮不同用药方案在重度酒精中毒中的疗效及安全性．并确定最佳方案。方法入选急性重度酒精中毒患者120例，随机分为3组，A组（n=40）一次性给予纳洛酮0．8mg静脉注射；B组（n=40）首次给予纳洛酮0．8mg静脉注射，后以0．4mg·h^-1的速度持续静滴，直至清醒；C组（n=40）首次给予纳洛酮0．8mg静脉注射，然后每隔20min重复静脉注射纳洛酮0．4mg，直至清醒。分别在治疗5h和10h时观察3组的有效率，在清醒时观察意识恢复时间、平穗呼吸恢复时间和平均住院时间．并观察不良反应情况。结果B组和C组有效率、意识恢复时间、平稳呼吸恢复时间、平均住院时间、谷丙转氨酶和血液酒精浓度显著好于A组（P〈0．05），C组显著好于B组（P〈0．05），不良反应情况B组高于A组，C组不良反应情况明显高于其他两组。结论纳洛酮适量重复给药是治疗急性重度酒精中毒患者的最佳方案，值得在临床推广应用。

The effect comparison of naloxone of three different medication on patients with alcoholism

OBJECTIVE To observe the efficacy and safety of naloxone in different regimens on patients with severe alcoholism, and to determine the best method. METHODS 120 cases were randomly divided into 3 groups. A group were given naloxone （0.8 mg, i.v. ） ; and B group were given naloxone 0. 4 mg·h^-1 additionally; While C group were treated with naloxone（0.8 mg, i.v. ）, and then given 0.4 mg every 20 minutes till they were ober. Observe the efficacy 5h and 10h later after treatment., and evaluate the consciousness recovery time, smooth breathing recovery time, the average length of stay, GPT, Ac, and adverse reaction. RESULTS In B and C group the indicators （efficacy, the consciousness recovery time, smooth breathing recovery time, the average length of stay, GPT and Ac） were better than those in C group（P〈0.05）, and it was the same states in C group compared with B group（P 〈 0.05）. Adverse reactions in B group was higher than those in A group（P 〈 0.05）, and so was it in C group compared with the other 2 groups（P〈0.05） .CONCLUSIONS Naloxone given to the patients appropriately and repeatly in the tseatment of acute severe alcoholism is the best option, and it is worth clinical application.