Quantifying spinal gait kinematics using an enhanced optical motion capture approach in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. ETH Zurich, Institute for Biomechanics, Zurich, Switzerland;2. Bern University of Applied Sciences, Health Division, Bern, Switzerland;3. University of Basel Children''s Hospital, Orthopaedic Department, Basel, Switzerland;4. University of Basel Children''s Hospital, Laboratory for Movement Analysis, Basel, Switzerland;1. ETH Zurich, Institute for Biomechanics, Zurich, Switzerland;2. Bern University of Applied Sciences, Health Division, Bern, Switzerland;3. University of Basel Children’s Hospital, Laboratory for Movement Analysis, Basel, Switzerland;4. University of Basel Children’s Hospital, Orthopaedic Department, Basel, Switzerland;1. Bern University of Applied Sciences, Department of Health Professions, Division of Physiotherapy, Spinal Movement Biomechanics Group, Bern, Switzerland;2. University of Basel, Faculty of Medicine, Basel, Switzerland;3. University of Zurich, Balgrist University Hospital, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, Integrative Spinal Research, Zurich, Switzerland;4. University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;5. ETH Zurich, Department of Health Science and Technology, Institute for Biomechanics, Zurich, Switzerland;6. University of Zurich, Balgrist University Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, Zurich, Switzerland;1. Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;2. Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland;1. Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Islamic Republic of Iran;2. Montreal University, Montreal, PQ, Canada;3. Medical University of Hamedan, Islamic Republic of Iran;1. Department of Physical Therapy, Ithaca College, 953 Danby Rd, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA;2. Department of Health and Human Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA;3. Athletic Training and Kinesiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;4. Pediatric Orthopaedic Associates, 6 Executive Park Dr NE #10, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA;5. Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;1. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Boston, MA, United States;2. Harvard Medical School, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston, MA, United States;3. Bern University of Applied Sciences, Department of Health Professions, Division of Physiotherapy, Bern, Switzerland;4. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology Program, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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| Abstract: | Background and purposeThe pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) remains poorly understood. Previous research has indicated possible relationships between kinematics of the spine, pelvis and lower extremities during gait and the progression of AIS, but adequate evidence on spinal kinematics is lacking. The aim of this study was to provide a detailed assessment of spinal gait kinematics in AIS patients compared to asymptomatic controls.MethodsFourteen AIS patients and 15 asymptomatic controls were included. Through introducing a previously validated enhanced trunk marker set, sagittal and frontal spinal curvature angles as well as general trunk kinematics were measured during gait using a 12-camera Vicon motion capture system. Group comparisons were conducted using T-tests and relationships between kinematic parameters and severity of scoliosis (Cobb angle) were investigated using regression analyses.ResultsThe sagittal thoracic curvature angle in AIS patients showed on average 10.7° (4.2°, 17.3°) less kyphosis but 4.9° (2.3°, 7.6°) more range of motion (Cobb angle-dependent (R2 = 0.503)). In the frontal plane, thoracic and thoracolumbar/lumbar curvature angles indicated average lateral deviations in AIS patients. General trunk kinematics and spatio-temporal gait parameters, however, did not show any clinically relevant differences between the groups.ConclusionsThis demonstrates that the dynamic functionality of the scoliotic spine can be assessed using advanced non-invasive optical approaches and that these should become standard in clinical gait analysis. Furthermore, curvature angle data might be used to drive sophisticated computer simulation models in order to gain an insight into the dynamic loading behavior of the scoliotic spine during gait. |
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| Keywords: | Gait analysis Biomechanics Spinal motion Spinal curvature Trunk kinematics |
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