Time dependent structure of postural sway in individuals with multiple sclerosis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Gait Laboratory, Central Remedial Clinic, Clontarf, Dublin 3, Ireland;2. Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Parsons Building, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland;1. Laboratoire d’Analyse du Mouvement, Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, CHU de Nantes, 85 Rue Saint Jacques, 44093 Nantes Cedex, France;2. College of Health & Social Care, University of Salford, Allerton Building, Frederick Road Campus, Salford M6 6PU, United Kingdom;3. Université de Brest, Inserm UMR 1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l''Information Médicale, SFR ScInBioS, 5 Avenue Foch, 29609 Brest, France;4. Laboratoire d’Analyse du Mouvement, Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, 5 Avenue Foch, 29609 Brest, France;5. UFR Sport, 20 Avenue Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France;1. Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37202, United States;2. Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37604, United States;3. D.C., Johnson City Chiropractic Clinic, 206 Princeton Road, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States;1. School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton QLD 4702, Australia;2. Centre for Physical Activity Studies, School of Human, Health and Social Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton QLD 4702, Australia;3. Institute for Social Medicine and Prevention, Faculty of Medicine, University of Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany;4. School of Medicine & Public Health, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia;1. Department of Neurosurgery, Mie Chuo Medical Center, 2158-5 Myojin-cho, Hisai, Tsu, Mie 514-1101, Japan;2. Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Non-linear analyses, which examine the time dependent structure of physiological output have been found to be able to detect subtle differences in postural control between pathological groups and healthy controls while traditional linear parameters do not. This investigation examines whether a specific non-linear metric, approximate entropy, may provide a novel biomarker for balance impairment in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) who have normal sway. This analysis included a sample of 30 individuals with MS with normal postural sway and 36 controls. Participants stood on a force platform for two trials of 30 s with eyes open. Postural control was indexed by sway area, mean velocity along the antero-posterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) axis. The time dependent structure of the COP along the AP and ML axes was indexed with approximate entropy (ApEnAP; ApEnML). T-tests and Mann–Whitney U tests were utilized to analyze differences between groups. Per design there were no differences in sway area between the MS and control groups. Additionally, there were no differences in sway velocity. The MS group had lower ApEnML values compared to the control group (U = 376, p = .026). The results indicate that individuals with MS who have normal sway area had greater time dependent structure in ML sway. This investigation highlights the utility of non-linear analyses when assessing balance impairment in MS samples that present with minimal sway area. |
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| Keywords: | Multiple sclerosis Posture Balance Non-linear analysis Approximate entropy |
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