Cytogenetic evaluation of functionalized single‐walled carbon nanotube in mice bone marrow cells

With their unique structure and physicochemical properties, single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have many potential new applications in medicine and industry. However, there is lack of detailed information concerning their impact on human health and the environment. The aim of this study was to assess the effects, after intraperitoneal injection of functionalized SWCNTs (f‐SWCNT) on the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), frequency of structural chromosomal aberrations (SCA), frequency of micronuclei induction, mitotic index, and DNA damage in Swiss–Webster mice. Three doses of f‐SWCNTs (0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 mg/kg) and two controls (negative and positive) were administered to mice, once a day for 5 days. Bone marrow and peripheral blood samples were collected 24 h after the last treatment following standard protocols. F ‐ SWCNT exposure significantly enhanced ROS, increased (p < 0.05) the number of SCA and the frequency of micronucleated cells, increased DNA damage, and decreased the mitotic index in exposed groups compared to negative control. The scientific findings reported here suggest that purified f‐SWCNT have the potential to induce oxidative stress mediated genotoxicity in Swiss–Webster mice at higher level of exposure. Further characterization of their systemic toxicity, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity is also essential. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 1091–1102, 2016.