云南省农村育龄妇女增补叶酸影响因素调查

目的:探讨云南省农村育龄妇女围孕期及妊娠期增补叶酸的现状及影响因素。方法:采用整群随机抽样法抽取泸西县符合条件的共2538位农村孕产妇进行问卷调查。应用单因素分析和多因素非条件logistic逐步回归法寻找围孕期及妊娠期增补叶酸的影响因素。结果:51.7%的调查对象在围孕期或妊娠期补充过叶酸。多因素分析显示影响农村育龄妇女增补叶酸的因素有妻子的受教育年限(OR=0.53)、家庭去年的总收入(OR=2.222)、孕前健康检查状况(OR=3.397)、家中有无优生宣传资料(OR=1.957)、优生知识是否及格(OR=2.380)、是否知道叶酸的作用(OR=88.015)。结论:健康教育应当成为云南广大农村增补叶酸服务的先导,孕前保健服务应当是叶酸推广和其他生殖保健技术服务的结合。在叶酸的推广中,计划生育宣传员发挥着重要作用。

Survey on factors related to folic acid supplementation among women of reproductive age in rural Yunnan

Objective：To learn the current situation and influencing factors of folic acid supplementation among women of reproductive age in rural Yunnan in order to provide evidences for carrying out birth defects prevention in Yunnan.Methods：A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2 538 rural childbearing age women by stratified and cluster sampling from Luxi County.The univariate analysis and unconditional multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluate influencing factors of folic acid supplementation among women of reproductive age.Results：About 51.7% of the women had taken folic acid during the peri-conception or gestation period.The factors related to folic acid supplementation among women of reproductive age included educational levels（OR=0.530）,the total income of the family in the last year（OR=2.222）,status of preconception examinations（OR=3.397）,possession of publicity material（OR=1.957）,awareness of reproductive knowledge（OR=2.380）and knowledge about folic acid（OR=88.015）.Conclusion：Health education is a guide to services for folic acid supplementation in Yunnan,preconception care should include both folic acid supplementation and technical services for reproductive health.Family-planning propagandists do play a crucial role in recommendation of folic acid supplement.