人类血小板抗原HPA-15系统PCR-SSP基因分型技术的建立

本研究目的是采用PCR-SSP技术建立人类血小板抗原HPA-15系统的基因分型方法,并应用于血小板供者库的HPA基因定型。采用第11届国际输血协会（ISBT）血小板血清学与基因分型协作组推荐的序列特异性引物,调节引物浓度、Mg2＋离子浓度和探索最佳PCR扩增条件,建立HPA-15系统基因分型技术。该分型技术的准确性和可靠性,采用第11届ISBT血小板协作组提供的质控样本进行验证,同时采用本研究合成的引物及商品化试剂盒,对50名随机的汉族血小板捐献者进行HPA-15系统基因分型,作为平行对照。应用本研究的方法,对第11届ISBT送检的10份考核样本进行基因分型。结果表明：基因分型结果与ISBT公布的结果完全一致。50名随机的血小板志愿捐献者,经本研究的方法及美国G＆T公司的试剂检测,基因分型的结果相符合;观察到的基因频率：HPA-15a和-15b分别为0.5100和0.4900。结论：本研究建立的HPA基因分型技术具有简便、快速、准确的特点,适合于常规HPA基因分型,具有广泛的应用前景。

Establishment of Genotyping Method for Human Platelet Antigens of HPA-15 System by PCR-SSP

This study was aimed to establish the reliable genotyping method of human platelet antigens of HPA-15 system by PCR-SSP and to use this assay in the further HPA genotyping of volunteer platelet donors. 3 sequence-specific primers recommended by the 11th Platelet Genotyping and Serology Workshop on behalf of International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) were synthesized. The concentration of each primer pair, the concentration of Mg(2+) and the PCR conditions were adjusted to optimize the conditions so that HPA-15 system could be specific amplified. The accuracy and reliability of the developed assay was evaluated and confirmed by typing the coded DNA samples provided by the 11th Platelet Genotyping and Serology Workshop. As a parallel control, a total of 50 volunteer platelet donors in Shenzhen were genotyped by both our assay and the G&T commercial kit at HPA-15 system. 10 coded samples distributed by the 11th Platelet Genotyping and Serology Workshop were genotyped by established PCR-SSP method. The results showed that a concordance rate of 100% was observed between the results obtained by established PCR-SSP method and the results provided by ISBT report. The HPA gene frequencies observed in 50 randomly-selected platelet donors in Shenzhen were 0.5100 and 0.4900 for HPA-15a and HPA-15b respectively. In conclusion, PCR-SSP assay established in our study provides a simple, rapid and accurate method for HPA-15 system genotyping, which assay is suitable for routine clinical HPA genotyping and shows a broad prospect in its further applications.