居室内粉螨孳生及分布情况

目的 研究居室粉螨孳生及分布情况.方法 于2005年4-7月收集张家港市过敏性哮喘患者(40名)及同一居住区域内居住条件相似,无任何变应性疾病的健康者(40名)居室床面、地面、家具、空调隔尘网及空气中的灰尘样本各1份,用直接镜检法分离、鉴定粉螨.结果 共收集样本400份,其粉螨孳生率为52.25%(209/400).共检获粉螨2 746只,隶属于7科15种.以麦食螨科的孳生率(46.25%,185/400)和相对丰度(54.26%,1 490/2 746)最高;其次是粉螨科(孳生率和相对丰度分别为34.5%,23.89%)及食甜螨科(孳生率和相对丰度分别为19.25%,18.14%).健康者居室各部位粉螨孳生密度较高,与过敏性哮喘患者比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 张家港市部分居室粉螨孳生情况较严重,健康者居室各部位粉螨孳生密度高于过敏性哮喘患者,螨过敏性哮喘患者发病可能主要取决于个体特异性.

Investigation on Acarid Mites Breeding in Dwellings

Objective To investigate the breeding situations of acaroid mites in some dwellings in Zhangjiagang city and the influence on the patients with mites allergic asthma.Methods Acaroid mites in the dust from five different positions of rooms of 40 patients with mites allergic asthma and 40 normal control were counted and identified by light microscope.Results The detection rate of acaroid mites in 400 samples was 52.25%(209/400).A total of 2 746 acaroid mites were detected,which belong to 15 species and 7 families.The highest breeding rate and relative abundance were 46.25%(185/209)and 54.26%(1 490/2 746)respectively,which comes from Pyroglyphidae family,the following families were Acaridae(34.5%;23.89%)and Glycyphagidae(19.25%;18.14%).About the breeding densities of acaroid mites,statistical difference between patients and normal control was found(P<0.01).Conclusion Acaroid mites breed seriously in some dwellings in Zhangjiagang city,maybe the individual specificity is the major influencing factor of mite allergic asthma.