苦参药材标本的采收与鉴定研究

目的：对五个苦参主产地的药材进行考察对比，以考察其采摘季节及不同产地的成分和性状的差异。方法：采用酸碱滴定法进行含量测定；采用薄层色谱（TLC）法对苦参药材进行定性鉴别；采用药典方法进行了性状鉴别和显微鉴定。结果：五个产地春、夏、秋三个季节采收的苦参总生物碱含量无显著差异；发现槐定碱呈现地区差异。山海关为分界线，东北地区（含内蒙的东北部）苦参药材不含槐定碱，黄河流域苦参药材含槐定碱。苦参碱、氧化苦参碱、氧化槐果碱为共性成份，且相对含量一致，以氧化苦参碱、氧化槐果碱含量较高；性状及显微鉴定略有差异。

Study on the Collection and Assessment of Specimen of Kushen Medicinal Substance

Objective： In order to investigate the difference of composition and character of kushen picked in different seasons and habits, and to carry out the contrast investigation of kushen medicinal substance produced in five different main habits. Methods： We accomplished the assaying test by using acid - base titration, and the qualitation detect of kushen medicinal substance was carried out by using TLC. We also accomplished the charaeter identification and microscopic identification by adopting the official method. Results：The content of total alkaloids of kushen picked in spring,summer and autumn in five different habits have not significant deviation. We also found that sophoridine present regional disparity, and Kushen medicinal substance in northeast area（ including northeast of Inner Mongolia）dose not contain sophoridine, while in Yellow River Valley, it contains sophorldine provided that using Shanhaiwan as dividing line. The common compositions are sophoearpidine, oxymatrine and N - oxysophocarpine, and they have the uniform relative amount. The content of oxymatrine and N - oxysophocarpine are higher, and the character identification and microscopic identification of them present a little difference.