云南省2003年肾综合征出血热监测分析

目的 掌握云南省肾综合征出血热流行病学特点，为其防治提供科学依据。方法收集云南省肾综合征出血热各监测点采集的人血清、捕鼠并采取鼠肺脏和鼠血清进行汉坦病毒抗原和抗体检测等相关疫情监测资料，并进行统计分析。结果2003年全省共报告72例，死亡1例，年发病率为0．17／10万，病死率为1．39％。主要发病地区为红河州、大理州、昆明市和楚雄州。监测点县人群隐性感染率为2．94％。在泸西、寻甸和永胜监测点捕获鼠类11种537只，居民区以褐家鼠和黄胸鼠为优势鼠种，野外以高山姬鼠为优势鼠种。鼠间的汉坦病毒带毒率为3．44％，带毒鼠种为褐家鼠、黄胸鼠、小家鼠、大绒鼠、中华姬鼠和臭鼯。结论监测区内存在以褐家鼠和黄胸鼠为主要宿主的家鼠型疫源地，也存在以大绒鼠和中华姬鼠为主的野鼠型疫源地。疫区的进一步扩大是发病率上升重要因素。应在加强监测的同时，采取以灭家鼠和接种家鼠型或两型混合型疫苗的防治措施。

Surveillance of epidemic hemorrhagic fever patients with renal syndrome in Yunnan Province in 2003.

Objective To understand epidemiological characteristics of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) and offer a guidance of control and prevention of HFRS in Yunnan Province. Methods Collecting the data of cases of HFRS in Yunnan Province and collecting human sera and the lung tissue and sera of rodents in the surveillance counties and detecting the antibody and antigen of Hattanvirus. Results 72 cases including 1 death had been reported in Yunnan Province in 2003. The incident rate was 0.17/100 000 and the case fatality rate was 1.39%. The main prevalent areas were Honghe Prefecture, Dali Perfecture, Kunming city and Chuxiong Prefecture. The latent infection rate was 2.94% in population in three surveillance counties: Luxi, Xundian and Yongshen. 11 species of 537 rodents were captured in the three counties. Rodents of Rattus norvgicus and Rattus flavipectus were the dominant species in human living areas and rodent of Apodemus agrarius was the dominant species in the field. The Hattanvirus carrying rate was 3.44% and the vints-carrying rodents were Rattus norvegicus, Rattus flavipectus, Mus musculus, Eothenomys miletus, Apodemus draca and Suncus sp. Conclusion There are the Rattus foci with the hosts of the main rodents of Rattus norvegicus and Rattusfiavipectus, and there are the Apodemus foci with the host of the main rodents of Apodemus draca and Eothenomys miletus insurveillance areas. The increase of the incident rate is correlative closely with the expansion of the epidemic areas. Survelliance in the whole province be strengthened,and the measures of elimination of rodents and vaecination be taken for controlof HFRS.