Diabetic nephropathy in children and adolescents |
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Authors: | Radovan Bogdanovi? |
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Institution: | (1) The Institute of Mother and Child Healthcare of Serbia “Dr Vukan Cupic”, 8 Radoja Dakica Street, 11070 Belgrade, Serbia |
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Abstract: | Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) commonly occurs in childhood or adolescence, although the rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes
mellitus (T2DM) in these age groups is now being seen worldwide. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) develops in 15–20% of subjects
with T1DM and in similar or higher percentage of T2DM patients, causing increased morbidity and premature mortality. Although
overt DN or kidney failure caused by either type of diabetes are very uncommon during childhood or adolescence, diabetic kidney
disease in susceptible patients almost certainly begins soon after disease onset and may accelerate during adolescence, leading
to microalbuminuria or incipient DN. Therefore, all diabetics warrant ongoing assessment of kidney function and screening
for the earliest manifestations of renal injury. Pediatric health care professionals ought to understand about risk factors,
strategy for prevention, method for screening, and treatment of early DN. This review considers each form of diabetes separately,
including natural history, risk factors for development, screening for early manifestations, and strategy recommended for
prevention and treatment of DN in children and adolescents. |
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Keywords: | Diabetic nephropathy Children Adolescents Risk factors Microalbuminuria Screening Prevention Treatment |
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