Seasonal variability in cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and iron concentrations in the three major fish species, Oreochromis niloticus, Lates niloticus and Rastrineobola argentea in Winam Gulf, Lake Victoria: impact of wash-off into the lake |
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| Authors: | Ongeri David M K Lalah Joseph O Wandiga Shem O Schramm Karl-Werner Michalke Bernard |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Chemistry, Maseno University, P.O. Box 333, Maseno, Kenya;(2) Department of Chemical Science and Technology, Kenya Polytechnic University College, P.O. Box 52428, 00200 City Square, Nairobi, Kenya;(3) Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya;(4) Institute of Ecological Chemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German National Research Centre for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; |
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| Abstract: | Trace metals Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) and Iron (Fe) were analyzed in edible portions of three main
finfish species namely Lates niloticus, Oreochromis niloticus and Rastrineobola argentea sampled from various beaches of Winam Gulf, Lake Victoria, Kenya, in order to determine any seasonal and site variations
and the results showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher mean concentrations of Cd, Cu, Zn and Fe during the wet season compared to the dry season for all the three
species indicating the impact of wash-off into the lake during the rainy periods. The overall mean concentrations of the heavy
metals (in μg/g dry weight) in all combined samples ranged from 0.17–0.40 (Cd), 0.47–2.53 (Pb), 2.13–8.74 (Cu), 28.9–409.3
(Zn) and 31.4–208.1 (Fe), respectively. It was found that consumption of Rastrineobola argentea can be a significant source of heavy metals especially Zn, to humans, compared with Lates niloticus and Oreochromis niloticus, if only the muscle parts of the latter two are consumed. |
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