早发型重度子痫前期的特点和临床处理

妊娠期高血压疾病是产科最常见的病种,可导致孕产妇和围产儿妊娠结局不良.早发型重度子痫前期是妊娠期高血压疾病的一个特殊亚型,其主要特征是孕产妇并发症多,围产儿死亡率高,且其并发症发病早,病情重,严重威胁着孕产妇和围产儿的安全.早期预测并鉴别围产儿并发症有助于监测患者病情严重程度,指导临床处理.但目前尚无被证明很确切的早发型重度子痫前期的产前预测方法,精确预测其发生风险仍然是一个挑战.既往有早发型重度子痫前期病史的女性再次妊娠时,其再发早发型重度子痫前期的风险增高,其它不良妊娠并发症发生率也增高.故期待治疗在临床处理中意义重大.该文综合其最新研究进展作以综述.

Clinical characteristics and management of early onset severe preeclampsia

Hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy are the most common disorders in pregnancy and are associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Early onset severe preeclampsia (ES-PE) is a specific subtype of hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy. It is characterized by high incidence rates of maternal complications and high perinatal mortality, and early onset and severe complications, so it threatens safty of the pregnant women and the perineonate severely. Early prediction and identification of complications are helpful to monitor severity of the disease and guide clinical treatment. But no confirmed and more definite predicting method of ES-PE before labor is found, and preciously predicting the risk of developing the disease remains a challenge. The women who had a previous history of ES-PE had an increased replase risk of the disease and increased incidence rates of adverse pregnancy complications and outcomes in their subsequent pregnancies. So expectant management which improves perinatal outcomes is very important in clinical treatment. In this article, we reviewed progress in research on ES-PE.