痰铜绿假单胞菌2002-2005年分离率及耐药性分析

目的了解我院痰铜绿假单胞菌(PAE)的分离率及耐药性的变迁,为临床合理选择抗菌药物提供依据。方法回顾性分析2002年1月—2005年7月痰中PAE分离率及其对16种抗菌药物的耐药率。结果(1)2002—2005年4年间PAE分离率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);(2)2002年痰中PAE对妥布霉素、亚胺培南、哌拉西林、环丙沙星和左旋氧氟沙星的敏感率与2005年比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)2004年入住ICU患者的PAE对庆大霉素、阿米卡星、妥布霉素、左旋氧氟沙星敏感率与非入住ICU的患者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但2005年ICU的患者PAE对上述药物的敏感率与非ICU比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论PAE的分离率和耐药率均较高,医务人员需监测PAE耐药特点及变迁,科学合理地使用抗菌药物。

Analysis of Isolating Rate and Drug Resistance of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Sputum from Year 2002 to 2005

Objective To investigate the changes of isolating rates and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PAE) in sputum specimens collected by our hospital to supply guidance of rational clinical use of antimicrobials.Methods A statistic analysis on isolating rate and drug resistance of PAE strains collected from sputum was conducted retrospectively.Results PAE isolating rates of years from 2002 to 20005 were 9.7%,7.6%,12.9% and 18.9%,respectively.The PAE resistance to ampicillin,ampicillin/sulbactam,cefozolin,cefotaxime,cefotetan,ceftriaxone,trimeth/sulfa were significantly high(>90%),and that to imipenem,tobramycin,pipercillin,ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin became more serious.Conclusion PAE has now a higher isolating rate and antimicrobial resistance as compared with before,and the tendency is increasing.Medical staff must monitor its resistanc characteristics and changes to use antibacterial drugs reasonably.