三峡库区监测点1997--2008年主要蚊媒传染病监测资料分析

目的 了解1997-2008年三峡库区主要蚊媒传染病乙型脑炎(乙脑)和疟疾的流行特征及蚊媒生物的密度季节消长变化情况.方法 收集1997-2008年"三峡库区人群健康监测系统"监测点乙脑、疟疾和蚊媒生物的监测资料及同期气象资料,采用Poisson回归模型和Pearson相关分析方法 进行分析.结果 1997-2008年三峡库区乙脑和疟疾发病率均呈下降趋势,乙脑年均发病率为0.61/10万～1.76/10万,疟疾年均发病率为0.79/10万～0.19/10万.2003年三峡水库蓄水后人房和畜圈蚊密度均低于蓄水前密度,经统计学检验P<0.05,差异有统计学意义.人房和畜圈蚊密度与月均气温呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.281和0.355;乙脑和疟疾合计月发病例数与人房和畜圈月均成蚊密度分别呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.340和0.328.结论 1997-2008年三峡库区乙脑和疟疾发病率及蚊类密度总体呈下降趋势.

Study on the eharactedsfics of major mosquito-borne infectious diseases in Three Gorges Reservoir Area from 1997 to 2008

Objective Characteristics and tendency of mosquito and major mosquito-borne diseases (including epidemic encephalitis B and malaria) were analyzed in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area from 1997 to 2008. Methods Information on surveillance data related to mosquito-borne infectious diseases and on mosquito density and category, from 1997 to 2008 was collected from Health Surveillance System in Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Data regarding meteorological factors and construction of Three Gorges Reservoir was also collected. Pearson and Poisson models were used. Results From 1997 to 2008, in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, the incidence rates of epidemic encephalitis B and malaria were decreasing. Positive correlations were shown between indoor and outdoor mosquito density as well with temperature with coefficient as 0.281 and 0.355 respectively. Correlations of mosquito-borne diseases with indoor and outdoor mosquito density were positive, with correlation coefficient as 0.340 and 0.328 respectively. Conclusion There seemed lack of evidence to prove that negative influences had occurred on the incidence of mosquito-borne infectious diseases or the mosquito density after the Three Gorges Reservoir water storage came into being in 2003, however, long-time surveillance program needs to be carried out to gather information on this issue.