注射用阿奇霉素致儿童不良反应1997～2007年国内文献分析

目的:探讨注射用阿奇霉素致儿童不良反应(ADR)发生情况,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:通过中国知网(CNKI)的中国医院知识仓库(CHKD)期刊全文数据库检索到1997～2007年国内有关儿童(≤16岁)应用注射用阿奇霉素致ADR的符合条件的文献249篇,其中临床应用220篇,个案报道29篇,按文献地区分布、性别与年龄分布、疾病种类、用法与用量、不良反应累及器官或系统及临床表现、发生时间等进行统计、分析。结果:文献分布于全国34个省、市;记载不良反应并分类的167篇9661例中,有ADR1199例,ADR发生率为12.41%;ADR类型主要有皮肤及其附件损害、消化系统损害、神经系统损害等。结论:注射用阿奇霉素对儿童是安全的,如需长疗程使用宜采用"用3停4"的方法,并注意监测肝、肾功能及听力等的变化。

Domestic Literature Analysis of Azithromycin for Injection-induced ADR in Children During 1997-2007

OBJECTIVE： To approach the situation of azithromycin for injection-induced ADR in children and to provide reference for rational use of drug in the clinic. METHODS ： Retrieved from CHKD of CNKI database, a total of 249 related literatures containing 220 literatures about clinical utilization and 29 individual case reports were collected and analyzed statistically in respects of geographical distribution, patients＇ sex and age, types of disease, dosage and usage, organs and systems involved in ADR and clinical manifestations, onset time, etc. RESULTS： The literatures covered 34 provinces and municipalities. 9 661 cases in 167 related literatures involved 1 199 ADR cases with incidence of 12.41%. The main clinical manifestation represented lesion of skin and its appendants, digestive system and nervous system. CONCLUSION： Azithromycin for injection is safe for children. If for a long treatment, it is preferable to adopt the method of ＂Treated 3 d Withdrawal 4 d＂, and pay attention to monitoring the function changes of liver and kidney and hearing.