Changes in physical activity in leisure time and the risk of myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, and all-cause mortality |
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Authors: | Christina Bj?rk Petersen Morten Gr?nb?k J?rn Wulff Helge Lau Caspar Thygesen Peter Schnohr Janne Schurmann Tolstrup |
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Institution: | (1) National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, ?ster Farimagsgade 5A, 1399 Copenhagen, Denmark;(2) Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre of Healthy Ageing, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark;(3) The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Epidemiological Research Unit, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark |
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Abstract: | Physical activity is associated to a lower risk of mortality from all-causes and from coronary heart disease. The long-term
effects of changes in physical activity on coronary heart disease are, however, less known. We examined the association between
changes in leisure time physical activity and the risk of myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic heart disease (IHD), and all-cause
mortality as well as changes in blood pressure in 4,487 men and 5,956 women in the Copenhagen City Heart Study. Physical activity
was measured in 1976–1978 and 1981–1983 and participants were followed in nation-wide registers until 2009. Men who decreased
physical activity by at least two levels and women who decreased by one level had a higher risk of MI relatively to an unchanged
physical activity level (hazard ratio HR] = 1.74, 95% confidence interval 95% CI]: 1.17–2.60 and HR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.03–1.65).
Similar associations were found for IHD although only significant in women. In all-cause mortality, men who increased physical
activity had a lower risk and both men and women who reduced physical activity had a higher risk compared to an unchanged
physical activity level. No association between changes in physical activity and blood pressure was observed. Findings from
this prospective study suggest that changes in physical activity affect the risk of MI, IHD and all-cause mortality. A decrease
in physical activity was associated to a higher risk of coronary heart disease. |
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