苦参素对局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠血液流变学的影响及机制探讨

[目的]研究苦参素（OMT）对局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠血液流变学指标的影响并探讨其可能的作用机制。[方法]通过线栓法复制局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠模型，设假手术组、模型组和OMT低[25 mg/（kg·d）]、中[50 mg/（kg·d）]、高[100 mg/（kg·d）]剂量组，每组20只，术后第2天开始腹腔注射给药，疗程7 d。通过盲法神经功能评分评测神经功能损伤，测定脑组织含水量及脑组织梗死体积。通过苏木精-伊红（HE）染色观察海马CA1区神经元形态；生化分析脑组织抗氧化酶活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量；测定血液流变学指标及红细胞膜流动性指标。[结果]与模型组比较，OMT中、高剂量组神经功能评分显著降低（P<0.01）、神经功能状况明显改善，脑组织含水量显著降低、梗死体积显著减小（P<0.05或P<0.01）；海马CA1区神经元病理性形态结构改变明显改善，抗氧化酶[（超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）]活性显著升高且MDA含量显著降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）；血液流变学指标（全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞聚集指数、红细胞变性指数、红细胞刚性指数、红细胞压积、血沉）显著降低（P<0.05或P<0.01），红细胞膜流动性指标（荧光偏振度、平均微黏度、各向异性）显著降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）。[结论]OMT可能通过改善血液流变学而对脑缺血再灌注损伤起到一定的保护作用。

Effects of oxymatrine on hemorheology after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats and its mechanism

[Objective] To study the effect of oxymatrine on hemorheology after acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats and to explore its mechanism.[Methods] The models of focal cerebral ischemic reperfusion were established with Zea-Longa occluding suture,setting sham operating group,model group and oxymatrine low,medium,high-dose (25,50,100 mg/kg) groups,n=20. The drugs were given by intraperitoneal injection from the second day after operation for 7 d,once a day. The neurological deficits,ratio of infarct volume,water content of the brain were evaluated;the brain tissue lesions was observed through HE staining;the activity of antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde (MDA) in Hippocampus tissue were measured by biochemical analysis;the hemorheology index and erythrocyte membrane fluidity index were determinend.[Results] Compared with model group,the neurological scores of oxymatrine medium,high-dose groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The ratio of infarct volume and brain water content were significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Brain tissue lesions were significantly improved;reduced blood rheology (whole blood viscosity,plasma viscosity,erythrocyte aggregation index,erythrocyte degeneration index,erythrocyte rigidity index,hematocrit,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,P<0.05 or P<0.01),reduced the red blood cell membrane fluidity index (fluorescence degree of polarization,average micro-viscosity,anisotropy) (P<0.05 or P<0.01),improved the activity of SOD,CAT and reduce the content of MDA (P<0.05 or P<0.01).[Conclusion] Oxymatrine may play a protective role on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by improving hemorheology.