单中心孕妇铁缺乏现状纵向研究及干预效果分析*

目的：纵向分析本中心孕妇铁缺乏现状及干预效果。方法：选取2017年7月—2019年2月在我院产前检查的孕早、中、晚期孕妇，筛选检测铁蛋白3次以上，检测血清铁蛋白(serum ferritin, SF)及血红蛋白(hemoglobin, Hb)，按照首次检查是否缺铁、贫血分为4组：铁缺乏贫血和不贫血组及非铁缺乏贫血和不贫血组，铁缺乏组予补充铁剂，研究孕妇缺铁情况及补铁疗效，分析补铁效果不佳原因。结果：符合中心研究要求的孕妇共994例，各期SF和Hb差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)，妊娠早、中、晚期铁缺乏(iron deficiency, ID)患病率分别为66.90%、78.41%、64.88%，缺铁性贫血(iron deficiency anemia, IDA)患病率分别为16.95%、14.13%、3.94%。经正规补铁治疗后，妊娠晚期ID及IDA均明显改善(P<0.001)。结论：铁缺乏现象严峻，但可防可治。孕妇进行SF检测，指导孕妇科学补铁，关注孕妇补铁的依从性，可明显减少妊娠期缺铁及相关并发症的发生。

Longitudinal study on the present situation of iron deficiency and analysis of intervention effect in single center pregnant women*

Objective : To analyze the present situation and intervention effect of iron deficiency in pregnant women in our center. Methods : Pregnant women who underwent antenatal examination in our hospital from July 2017 to February 2019 were screened and tested for ferritin more than three times, including early, middle and late pregnant women. Serum ferritin(SF) and hemoglobin(Hb) were detected according to the first check for iron deficiency or anemia and was divided into four groups: iron deficiency anemia and non-anemia group, non-iron deficiency anemia and non-anemia group, iron deficiency group supplemented with iron, iron deficiency group, iron deficiency group and iron deficiency group. To study the situation of iron deficiency and the curative effect of iron supplementation in pregnant women, and to analyze the effect of iron supplementation. Results : There were 994 pregnant women in compliance with the requirements of the central study. The difference of SF and Hb in each stage was statistically significant(P<0.001). The prevalence of early, middle and late iron deficiency(ID) was 66.90%, 78.41%, 64.88%, and the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia(IDA) was 16.95%, 14.13% and 3.94%, respectively. After the treatment of normal iron supplementation, the ID and IDA in late pregnancy were significantly improved, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001). Conclusion : Iron deficiency is severe, but it is preventable and curable. Detection of ferritin in pregnant women and then help pregnant women to replenish iron according to the guidelines, pay attention to the compliance of pregnant women with iron supplementation, can significantly reduce the occurrence of iron deficiency and related complications during pregnancy.