洞庭湖区外出务工人员血吸虫病感染情况调查

目的了解血吸虫病非流行区和流行区外出务工人员(农民工)流向、工种、工作生活环境及其行为学,分析外出打工者血吸虫病感染现状及造成血吸虫病传播或再流行的潜在危险。方法分别从非流行区和流行区外出务工人员中,随机抽取500人以上进行问卷调查,然后进行血清学和病原学方法检查。结果非流行区调查外出务工人员577人,血清检查阳性率15.53%,粪检阳性率1.89%,务工期间有99.8%的人员接触过疫水;流行区调查外出务工人员529人,血清检查阳性率32.82%,粪检阳性率3.40%,务工期间98.9%的人员未接触疫水。结论非流行区外出人员在血吸虫病流行区务工期间,以务农为主接触疫水时间多,容易形成血吸虫病新感染;流行区外出人员中的血吸虫病人或传染源,在城市工厂打工,接触疫水感染血吸虫病机率少,造成当地血吸虫病传播或再流行的可能性小,但对有螺无病区、历史流行区、不知情疫源地,是造成血吸虫病再流行的潜在危险因素。

Survey on Schistosomiasis Infection Among Farmer Labors out From Dongting Lake Regions

Objective The directions where farmer labors from an endemic village and a non-endemic village of schistosomiasis have gone,what jobs did they do nowadays,and their new working and living environments were surveyed to analyze the status of schistosomiasis infection among them,and the potential risks of schistosomiasis transmission were evaluated in addition.Methods More than 500 farmer labors from an endemic village and a non-endemic village of schistosomiasis were surveyed by questionnaires;and serological and stool parasitological tests were performed as well.Results Among the 577 subjects from non-endemic village,the positive rate of schistosomiasis by serological test was 15.53%,the positive rate by stool examination was 1.89%,and 99.8% subjects had history of polluted water exposure in their new working sites.In contrary,of the 529 farmer labors from an endemic village,the positive rate by serology test was 32.82%,the positive rate by stool examination was 3.40%,and only 1.1% subjects had a polluted water exposure history in their new working sites.Conclusions Farmer labors from non-endemic areas are chiefly engaged in agriculture activities in a new endemic area of schistosomiasis and exposed to polluted water there.Hence they are liable to be infected there and likely to bring schistosomiasis transmission back to their hometowns.On the contrary,farmer labors including schistosomiasis patients from Dongting lake endemic areas are likely to have jobs in downtowns,with few exposure to potentially polluted water that are unfavorable to the transmission and re-emergence of schistosomiasis.However,they potentially carry risk to such areas as those having snails but not schistosomiasis patients existed,the former endemic areas that have under control nowadays,and no detected breeding areas of snails.