蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫的免疫逃避机制

蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫(Giardia lamblia,简称贾第虫)是一种世界性分布的机会性致病原虫,能够引起以腹泻为主要表现的贾第虫病,严重影响人类尤其是儿童的健康和发育。在贾第虫感染过程中,宿主的非特异性和特异性免疫系统均会产生强烈的抗贾第虫效应,但贾第虫通过抗原漂变、L-精氨酸饥饿等机制逃避和抑制宿主的免疫反应,引起宿主的长期或反复感染。本文对宿主的抗贾第虫免疫以及贾第虫的免疫逃避机制做一综述。

Immune evasion mechanisms of Giardia lamblia

As a world-wide opportunistic protozoan parasite, Giardia lamblia can cause giardiasis in human and other mammals, which are hazardous to human health, especially to children. During the infection of Giardia lamblia, the non-specific and specific immune response of host individuals would generate strong anti-Giardia effect. However, Giardia lamblia can evade or inhibit the host’s immune response by some mechanisms including antigenic shift and arginine starvation, which results in prolonged or repeated infection. This article will review the hosts’ anti-Giardia immune and the immune evasion mechanisms of Giardia lamblia.