早期微量喂养在极低出生体重儿营养支持中的应用

目的 探讨早期微量喂养在极低出生体重儿营养支持中的作用.方法 根据研究目的和临床操作的可行性,将符合入选标准的80例极低出生体重儿,随机分成观察组和对照组各40例.两组患儿基础治疗相同,观察组实施早期微量喂养干预策略,对照组按照传统方法进行喂养,观察两组达完全胃肠喂养时间、恢复至出生体重时间;观察胃肠喂养不耐受的情况及例数、每日摄入热卡、第10天胆红素值及肠外营养达足量水平的例数;记录每日体重,计算其平均增长速度.结果 观察组喂养不耐受发生率、过渡到全胃肠喂养所需时间、恢复至出生时体重所需时间、第10天胆红素值及肠外营养达足量水平的比率,较对照组有显著性差异.观察组体重增长速度与对照组比较,差异有显著性.结论 早期微量喂养是极低出生体重儿营养支持策略的重要内容,可有效降低极低出生体重儿喂养不耐受发生率,缩短静脉营养时间.

Effects of Early Trophic Feeding on Early Aggressive Nutrition Support in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Objective To evaluate the effects of early trophic feeding on early aggressive nutrition support in very low birth weight infants. Methods 80 very low birth weight （VLBW, birth weight 〈 1500 g） infants were divided into two groups randomly and they were given the same routine nursing and treatment. The study group were received trophic feeding enterally within the first 48 hours of birth and the other group fed enterally after 72 hours. Reaching full enteral feeding time and recovering birth body mass time were compared. The body weight were measured everyday for calculating speed of growth. The serum bilirubin levels and performance of PN were recorded on the tenth day. Results The time to achieve full feeding was （11.20±4.27） d in study group and （15.70±5.12） d in control group. There was significant difference between the two groups. The recovery of birth birth body mass time in study group was （8.42±1.89）days and （11.32±2.12） days in control group. The feeding intolerance incidence was 22.5% and 45.0%, and there was significant difference （ P〈 0.05）. The speed of body weight was （15.85±3.91） g/d respectively in study group and 13.15±3.46 g/d in control. The serum bilirubin levels and performance of PN were significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion Feeding intolerance could be improved by early tropic feeding. PN and EN all be promoted in the early aggressive nutrition support. Early nutriture of premature infant also be amelioranced.