美沙酮维持治疗对海洛因依赖者生存质量影响的研究

目的:评价参加美沙酮维持治疗的海洛因成瘾者的生存质量状况,分析影响其生存质量的主要因素。方法:采用《药物成瘾者生存质量评定量表》(QOL-DA量表)对接受美沙酮维持治疗者治疗前后生存质量进行评价。结果:204名海洛因成瘾者在参加美沙酮维持治疗6个月后,其生存质量得以改善者占93.1%。治疗后的躯体功能、心理功能、戒断症状及社会功能四个领域的生存质量评分均明显优于治疗前,前后比较有极显著性差异(t=14.77、14.69、16.79、9.85,P<0.001);性别、文化程度和就业状况是影响治疗后生存质量改善程度的重要因素(t=4.15、2.93、-2.627,P<0.01)。结论:美沙酮维持治疗能全面提高海洛因治疗者的生存质量;要进一步巩固治疗效果,需采取积极措施加大社会支持力度。

Study on the factors of methadone maintenance treatment on the life quality of heroin dependent patients

Objective:To evaluate the life quality of heroin dependent patients on methadone maintenance treatment(MMT) and analyze the main factors that affect their life quality. Methods:The life quality of heroin dependent patients on MMT was assessed with the Quality of Life for Drug Addicts (QOL-DA) before and after treatment for six months. Results:After six months on MMT, 93.1% of the heroin dependent patients improved their life quality, showing significant difference in the scores of physical function, psychological function, social function and withdrawal symptoms, compared with that of before treatment (t=14.77,14.69,16.79,9.85, P<0.001. Gender, education level and employment situation were important factors that influenced therapeutic results(t=4.15,2.93,-2.627, P<0.01). Conclusion:Methadone maintenance treatment can generally improve the life quality of heroin dependent patients. Positive measures and more supports from society are needed to enhance the therapeutic effects of MMT.