口腔金属修复体所致过敏性疾病的临床研究

目的:采用皮肤斑贴试验和口内金属修复体成分检测,探讨患者的临床症状与齿科金属过敏的相关性。方法:对2例可疑齿科金属过敏患者进行齿科金属系列斑贴试验,并同时检查患者金属修复体成分,结合二者判断2例患者的皮肤或者黏膜过敏症状与齿科金属修复体的相关性。结果:2例患者的斑贴实验阳性反应过敏原与口内金属修复体成分相一致,因而推测患者的临床症状与齿科金属致敏性具有相关性。经拆除患者的金属修复体,改用全瓷材料治疗牙列缺损,随访观察发现临床过敏症状好转。结论:齿科金属的致敏性可导致一些口腔黏膜或者皮肤的过敏症状,影响患者的生活质量。口腔科医生在进行修复治疗的时候应充分了解所使用金属合金的致敏率,减少高致敏率合金的临床应用,或在修复前采用斑贴试验,指导患者更安全有效的选择合适的材料。

Clinical Diagnosis of Contact Allergy to Dental Metallic Restorative Materials

Objective： To determine the correlation between clinical symptoms and dental metal allergy. Methods： Two patients with suspicion to dental metal allergy, patch test and analysis of metal components were processed for final diagnosis. Results： Positive allergens in patch test were consistent with the metal prostheses ingredients. After removing metal prosthesis and a ceramic prosthesis was used as an alternative, allergy symptoms abated during the follow-up period. Conclusions： Dentists should understand the corrosion and allergy rates of alloys applied, reducing the application of high allergic alloys. Before restoration, a patch test for the hypersensitive patients may be recommended. The use of different metal alloys in the same mouth may be cautious.