254例急性呼吸道感染病例病原学调查分析

目的 分析急性呼吸道感染病例的病毒病原构成,掌握主要病原体活动水平及变化规律,了解丰台地区急性呼吸道感染病原谱.方法 以2010-2012年成人急性呼吸道感染病例为研究对象,收集病例基础信息,采集鼻咽拭子标本,使用多重PCR及RT-PCR对流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、腺病毒、副流感病毒、偏肺病毒、冠状病毒、鼻病毒、博卡病毒和肺炎支原体等9种病原进行检测,数据分析使用SPSS 17.0软件.结果 254例标本中154例检测阳性,阳性率为60.63％,男女阳性检出率无统计学差异.冬春季致病病原体以流感病毒、副流感病毒及支原体为主,夏季仅检出副流感和支原体.流感样病例的主要病原体为流感病毒及副流感病毒;肺炎病例致病病原体主要为肺炎支原体.2010-2011年流感流行季甲型流感病毒为优势病原,2011-2012年流感流行季乙型流感病毒为优势病原.结论 2010-2012年间,北京丰台地区引起成人急性呼吸道感染的主要病原为流感病毒、支原体和副流感病毒.不同季节的优势病原不同.

Analysis of viral etiology of 254 acute respiratory infection cases

Objective To analyze the viral etiology of acute respiratory infection, and to study the activity and epidemiologieal characteristic of main pathogens, so as to establish pathogen spectrum of acute respiratory infection in Fengtai district of Beijing. Methods Basic information and throat swabs of acute re- spiratory infection cases during 2010 -2012 were collected. Influenza virus, respiratory syneytial virus, ade- novirus, parainfluenza virus, metapneumovirus, coronavirus, rhinovirus, human Boca virus and mycoplasma pneumonia were detected by multiplex PCR and RT-PCR. SPSS 17.0 was used for data analysis. Results 154 were positive in all of the 254 samples, the positive ratio was 60. 63%. Influenza viruses, parainfluenza virus and myeoplasma pneumoniae were the most frequently detected pathogens in winter and spring. Parain- fluenza and mycoplasma were the only detected pathogens in summer. There was no significant difference in positive rate between male and female patients. Influenza viruses and parainfluenza virus were the major viral pathogens of influenza-like illness, mycoplasma pneumoniae was the major pathogen of pneumonia patients. Influenza A was dominate during 2010 -2011, while influenza B as the major one during the 2011 -2012 in- fluenza season. Conclusions Influenza virus, mycoplasma pneumoniae, and parainfluenza virus were the main pathogens leading to acute respiratory infection during 2010 -2012 in Fengtai district of Beijing. The major pathogens were different in different seasons.