2型糖尿病患者眼部检查依从性影响因素的调查

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者眼部检查依从性的影响因素，为糖尿病教育工作提供参考依据。方法问卷调查在广州市5所医院就诊的349例2型糖尿病患者，包括眼部检查情况以及有关糖尿病知识、健康信念和自我效能等，用Logistic回归法筛选眼部检查依从惟的影响因素。结果眼部检查依从性良好者仅21．4％；单因素分析结果发现，年龄、居住地（城市或乡镇）、文化程度、从事医疗或接触医疗、医疗支付方式（公费或医疗保险、自费）、病程、糖尿病知识、健康信念和自我效能等因素对检查依从性有着影响作用；多测素分析显示，仅患者年龄（OR=1．46，95％C．I、=1．07～1．99，P＜0、05）、糖尿病知识（OR=1．13，9,5％C．I=1．07～1．19，P＜O．01）有统计学意义。结论应重视糖尿病眼病早期防治教育，关注非老年患者的眼部检查依从性。政府应强化健康教育促进职责，利用媒体增加乡镇、偏远地区健康信息的可获得性，并提高医疗检查的便利性。

Investigation of Factors Influencing Patients' Compliance to Eye Examination in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Objective To probe into influence factors on eye examination compliance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,so as to provide a basis for diabetic education of patients.Methods Total 349 type 2 diabetic patients were chosen from 5 hospitals in Guangzhou.Questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the eye examination situation,diabetic knowledge,health beliefs and self-efficacy,etc.Logistic regression analysis was used to screen factors influencing patients' compliance of eye examination.Results Only 21.4% patients had good compliance in eye examination.Single factor analysis showed that the following factors affected the compliance of patients in eye examination: age,residence(patients living in urban had high compliance than those living in villages and towns),the education levels,involvement in and contact with health services,payment modes of medical expenses(the best mode was public health service,the better one was medical insurance,and the last one was to pay by individuals),illness duration,diabetic knowledge,health beliefs and self-efficacy.Multiple factor analysis demonstrated that age(OR=1.49,95%C.I.=1.12~1.98,P<0.05)and diabetic knowledge(OR=1.13,95%C.I.= 1.08~1.18,P<0.01)were the factors influencing patients' compliance.Conclusion Diabetic eye diseases should be prevented and educated in early days.The compliance of younger patients to eye examination should be brought under close attention.The government should strengthen its health promoting duty,guarantee the availability of the health information in villages,towns and far-off regions via various media,and improve the convenience of medical examination.