人和大鼠颈动脉生物力学特性的对比研究

目的测定不同种属包括大鼠、人体主动脉血管的生物力学特性,从而探讨心脏外科心肌保护基础实验与临床结果差异显著的原因。方法分别制备新鲜W istar大鼠和人体颈总动脉血管条,利用PowerLab 4腔器官室检测装置,分别检测大鼠和人体血管对电机械耦联收缩刺激剂68 mmol/L的高钾溶液对α受体激动剂去甲肾上腺素的收缩反应和舒张恢复反应。结果①大鼠动脉血管对68 mmol/L的高钾溶液具有很好的收缩反应,收缩反应具有可重复性; 而人体动脉血管对高钾具有高反应性; ②大鼠和人体动脉血管对α受体激动剂去甲肾上腺素均具有反应性,对血管舒张剂硝普钠具有相似的舒张反应。结论①人体与大鼠具有相似的受体介导血管收缩机制; ②人体与大鼠的电-机械耦联血管收缩反应明显不同,提示人体与大鼠具有不同的通道反应特性。

Comparative Study on Carotid Aortic Vascular Sensitivity between Human and Rats

OBJECTIVE Aortic vascular sensitivity was compared between different species to search for possible causes of significant discrepancy between basic experiments and clinical observations. METHODS Carotid arteries were harvested from anesthetized Wistar rats and cadavers who died within 2 hours. The response to 68mmol/L KCL and noradrenalin was assessed for observation of vascular sensitivity to electromechanical coupling vasoconstrictor and receptor - mediated vasoconstrictor between rats and human. RESULTS （ 1 ） The arterial rings of rats possessed swift and repetitive response to 68 mmol/L KCL. The tension of rings restored to baseline when the rings were washed with fresh Krebs - Henseleit Solution. The arterial rings of cadavers had persistent vasoconstriction and the tension did not restored after the incubation solution was switched into fresh Krebs - Henseleit Solution. （2） The arterial rings from rats and cadavers possessed similar response to noradrenalin and sodium nitroprusside. CONCLUSION Human and rats have similar receptor - mediated vasoconstriction mechanism. The response to electromechanical coupling vasoconstriction is different between human and rats, which indicats human and rats possess different channel characteristic, So those may be the primary cause of significant discrepancy between basic experiments and clinical observations.