辣椒素对家兔窦房结起搏细胞的电生理效应

目的:研究辣椒素对离体家兔窦房结起搏细胞的电生理效应及其作用机制。方法:应用经典玻璃微电极方法。结果:辣椒素(10 μmol/L)使窦房结起搏细胞的零相最大上升速度(V_(max))由(2.4±0.5)V/s降至(1.7±0.2)V/s(P<0.05);舒张期除极速度(VDD)由(91±34)mV/s降至(70±30)mV/s(P<0.01);起搏放电频率(RPF)由(186±14)beat/min降至(162±10)beat/min(P<0.01);最大舒张电位(MDP)绝对值由(49±3)mV降至(44±2)mV(P<0.01);动作电位幅度(APA)由(55±4)mV降至(49±4)mV(P<0.05)。复极化90％时间(APD_(90))则由(149±21)ms延长至(167±27)ms(P<0.01)。应用辣椒素受体阻断剂钌红(10 μmol/L)对辣椒素的上述电生理效应无影响。提高灌流液中钙离子浓度(5 mmol/L)以及应用L型钙通道开放剂Bay-K-8644(0.5μmol/L)均可抑制辣椒素对起搏细胞的电生理效应。β-肾上腺素能受体激动剂异丙肾上腺素(20 nmol/L)可逆转辣椒素所引起的除极化时间延长和MDP的降低。结论:辣椒素对家兔窦房结细胞有负性变时作用,这些效应可能与其抑制钙离子内流及/或钾离子外流有关,而非由辣椒素受体介导。

Electrophysiologic effects of capsaicin on pacemaker cells in sinoatrial nodes of rabbits

AIM: To study the electrophysiologic effects of capsaicin on isolated pacemaker cells in sinoatrial (SA) nodes of rabbits and its possible action mechanism(s). METHODS: Parameters of action potential (AP) in SA node were recorded using intracellular microelectrode technique. RESULTS: By perfusion with capsaicin (10 micromol/L), the amplitude of action potential (APA) and maximal rate of depolarization (Vmax) were decreased from (55+/-4) mV to (49+/-4) mV (P<0.05) and from (2.4+/-0.5) V/s to (1.7+/-0.2) V/s (P<0.05). The velocity of diastolic (phase 4) depolarization (VDD) and rate of pacemaker firing (RPF) were decreased from (91+/-34) mV/s to (70+/-30) mV/s (P<0.01) and from (186+/-14) beat/min to (162+/-10) beat/min (P<0.01). The absolute value of maximal diastolic potential (MDP) was decreased from (49+/-3) mV to (44+/-2) mV (P<0.01). However, the duration of 90 % repolarization of action potential (APD90) was prolonged from (149+/-21) ms to (167+/-27) ms (P<0.01). Pretreatment with ruthenium red (RR, 10 micromol/L), a vanilloid receptor (VR1) blocker, did not affect the effects of capsaicin on SA node cells. Both elevation of calcium concentration (5 mmol/L) in superfusate and application of L-type Ca2+ channel agonist Bay-K-8644 (0.5 micromol/L) antagonized the effects of capsaicin on pacemaker cells. Beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol (Iso, 20 nmol/L) inhibited the capsaicin-induced prolongation of repolarization and decrease of MDP. CONCLUSION: Capsaicin exerted a negative chronotropic action and induced a delayed repolarization of pacemaker cells in SA nodes of rabbits. These effects were likely due to reduction in calcium influx and/or potassium efflux, but were not mediated by VR1.