口腔颌面-头颈鳞癌的分子生物学研究

口腔颌面-头颈鳞癌是发病率和死亡率较高的全球性疾病。临床常用的TNM分期不能对其遗传学特征和生物学特性作出正确的判断：肿瘤的分子特点对治疗方案选择、降低死亡率和提高生存率有一定帮助。特异基因表达谱的应用．能改善诊断方法．为个体化治疗提供基础；头颈鳞癌分子谱型的应用，可以对淋巴结转移和手术切缘作出正确的诊断．以便正确指导手术范围的确定。2000～2005年，约有40多篇有关头颈鳞癌基因表达谱的研究报道，本文就研究中发现有变化的基因进行综述和分析。结果表明，在肿瘤和非肿瘤之间，存在多个基因的变化。GO分类分析结果表明．这些基因涉及22种生理功能；进一步对这些变化基因进行基因组、蛋白组和功能的研究，将对揭示头颈鳞癌的分子病理学发生机制产生积极作用。

Investigation of molecular biology of oral maxillofacial and head & neck squamous cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma in head and neck （SCCHN） is associated with considerable mortality and morbidity and is a major public health concern worldwide. The TNM staging system that is most often used to classify patients with SCCHN does not adequately address their molecular heterogeneity and biological feature, the magnitude and importance of which have become increasingly evident. There are several clinical situations in which molecular characterization of SCCHN could greatly improve treatment choice, potentially improve survival, and minimize morbidity. Firstly, the specific gene expression profiles could be used to improve diagnosis and direct therapies on a more individualized basis. Molecular characterization of SCCHN could give early diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastases and may be able to characterize more accurately the malignant or premalignant status of surgical margins, thus adjust their resection fields accordingly. Nearly 40 studies from 2000 to 2005 incorporating DNA microarray analyses have examined genomewide genetic expression changes associated with the development of SCCHN. We performed a review of the reports to identify genes that have been found repeatedly to exhibit substantially altered expression in SCCHN. The review indicated that there were several genes that exhibited substantially altered expression in cancerous versus noncancerous states across studies. These altered genes contributed to more than twenty-two biological functions. Further investigation on the genomic, proteomic, and functional consequences of these gene expression alterations may provide insight into the molecular pathology of SCCHN. Supported by Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No.30330580）, Research Fund of Science and Technology Committee of Shanghai Municipality （Grant No.044119619）, and Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project （Grant No. Y0203）.