食管癌高发区人胚胎发育过程中食管上皮组织P16、PCNA蛋白的表达及其与形态学变化关系

目的初步探讨食管癌高发区人胎儿食管上皮组织抑癌基因p16和增殖细胞核抗原(proliferation cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)与人胚胎发育过程中食管上皮细胞增殖特性的关系。方法采用免疫组化ABC法检测3～10月份胎儿食管上皮组织中p16和PCNA的表达状况。结果在26例食管癌高发区人胎儿食管上皮组织中,p16蛋白总阳性率61.5%(16/26),p16蛋白阳性率在低月龄组中明显低于高月龄组(P<0.05),PCNA单位面积平均阳性细胞数为(450±156)/mm2,PCNA单位面积阳性细胞数在低月龄组中明显高于高月龄组(P<0.05)。结论食管癌高发区人胎儿食管上皮组织中p16基因的表达和PCNA单位面积阳性细胞数与胎龄密切相关,可以客观反映食管癌高发区人胎儿食管上皮的组织分化状态。

Expression of p16 and PCNA in esophageal epithelium during embryonic development in high-incidence area for esophageal cancer in Henan and its relationship with morphological changes

Objective To explore the relationship between the expression of proliferation cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)and tumor suppressor gene p16 with cell proliferation in embryogenic esophageal epithelium in high-incidence area of esophageal cancer.Metheds Immunohistochemical avdin-biotin peroxidase complex(ABC)technique was used to detect the expression of PCNA and p16 in esophageal epithelium of 3-10 month old.Results Among 26 embryonic esophageal epithelium specimen from high-incidence area of esophageal cancer,the p16 positive rate was 62%(16/26).The average PCNA positive cells per mm2 was(450±156)mm2.There were significant differences(P<0.05)among p16 positive rate in embryonic esophageal epithelium of early stage(3-4 month)than that of late stage(7-8 month).The similar results were observed for PCNA in the early and late stage of embryonic esophagus epithelium(P<0.05).Conclusions The expression of PCNA and p16 may reflect the histological differentiation status of embryonic esophageal epithelium in high-incidence area of esophageal cancer.