Contraception for adolescents after abortion

Introduction Preventing repeated unplanned pregnancy among adolescents is still a challenge because many of them fail to use effective contraception after abortion.

Objective To review currently recommended options of methods and counselling for effective prevention of repeat pregnancies in adolescents.

Methods Review of the literature that was identified through the Medline, ScienceDirect, Google and Popline databases and relevant expert opinions.

Results Counselling needs to be adapted to the needs, values and lifestyle of adolescents. The best results are achieved with nondirective or active contraceptive counselling, followed by regular check-ups and cautious and attentive approach in the management of doubts, prejudices and side effects related to the contraceptive chosen. Adolescents should initiate contraception immediately after abortion: the motivation for choosing an efficacious method is highest at that time; resumption of ovulation following induced abortion occurs on average after three weeks; more than half of these girls will resume sexual activity within two weeks after pregnancy termination. Long-acting reversible contraception use during adolescence is safe and most effective. However, achieving a high long-term continuation rate is especially challenging in adolescents; this is due to developmental and environmental characteristics that influence their contraceptive behaviour.

Conclusion Adolescents should immediately after abortion initiate a reliable contraceptive method, preferably one whose efficacy is not user-dependent. Providing an appropriate health care would contribute to achieving continuity in the prevention of repeat pregnancy.