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Aetiological factors for oral manifestations of HIV |
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| Authors: | GD Palmer PG Robinson SJ Challacombe W Birnbaum D Croser PL Erridge T Hodgson D Lewis A McLaren JM Zakrzewska |
| Affiliation: | United Medical and Dental Schools, Guy's Hospital, London;Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London;Riverside Community Dental Service, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London;King's Dental Institute, Caldecot Road, London, UK |
| Abstract: | OBJECTIVES: Describe the oral diseases in HIV-infected individuals in London, UK and identify social and medical factors related to the presence of specific oral diseases. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analytic study. SETTING: Dental clinics. SUBJECTS: Consecutive sample of 456 patients with HIV infection. METHODS: Social and medical history and clinical examinations. Univariate and logistic regression analysis. OUTCOMES: Presence of HIV-associated oral disease. RESULTS: 80% of patients with AIDS and 50% of patients with HIV had a specific oral disease. The most common diseases were hairy leukoplakia (30%), erythematous candidiasis (24%), pseudomembranous candidiasis (14%), angular chielitis (6%), necrotising periodontal disease (8%) and non-recurrent ulceration (6%). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of erythematous candidiasis was not related to advanced HIV disease. Pseudomembranous candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia and mucosal ulceration were significantly associated with advanced HIV disease. Smoking was also identified as a strong aetiological factor in oral diseases. Longitudinal studies are required to further explore the prognostic significance of oral diseases in HIV infection. |
| Keywords: | HIV seropositivity opportunistic infections epidemiology fungal diseases |