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Cocaine addiction: Diffusion tensor imaging study of the inferior frontal and anterior cingulate white matter
Authors:Maria J Romero  Samuel Asensio  Carmina Palau  Amparo Sanchez  Francisco J Romero
Institution:2. Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA;3. Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;4. Department of Psychiatry and MRC Unit on Anxiety & Stress Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa;5. Department of Psychiatry and MRC Unit on Anxiety & Stress Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa;11. Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA;12. Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;8. Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA;9. Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA;112. VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA;123. Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA;84. Rotman Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;95. Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;1111. Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;1212. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitatsmedizin, Berlin, Germany;88. QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;99. Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA;11112. Section on Brain Electrophysiology and Imaging, Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, USA
Abstract:Inferior frontal and anterior cingulate white matter integrity in 32 cocaine-dependent subjects was compared with that in 33 age-matched healthy control subjects. Diffusion tensor imaging data were acquired with a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging system. Cocaine-dependent subjects presented significantly lower fractional anisotropy values in inferior frontal white matter at the anterior–posterior commissure plane and higher anterior cingulate white matter values than control subjects. White matter integrity was also associated with impulsivity and motivation to change (Readiness to Change Questionnaire). These findings support the hypothesis that cocaine dependence involves a disruption of orbitofrontal connectivity and suggest that the anterior cingulate brain area might play a role in the motivation to change.
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