同种脱细胞软骨基质与软骨细胞复合物修复兔甲状软骨缺损的实验研究

目的 探讨脱细胞软骨基质(acelluar cartilaginous matrix，ACM)与软骨细胞复合后植入兔体内，能否形成软骨修复甲状软骨缺损。方法 分离培养免甲状软骨细胞，与ACM体外复合培养，形成ACM-软骨细胞复合物，进行组织学分析及用于修复兔甲状软骨缺损。新西兰大白兔18只，制成两侧甲状软骨缺损模型，随机分为3组，每组6只。对照组：只制备缺损，不作修复；ACM修复组：采用单纯ACM修复缺损；实验组：用ACM-软骨细胞复合物修复。术后8周处死动物，取出标本，进行大体和组织学观察。结果 体外培养时，软骨细胞能在ACM表面生长，未长入基质内。动物实验结果，对照组：甲状软骨缺损处被肌肉、结缔组织充填；ACM修复组：ACM内炎性细胞浸润，轻度吸收变形；实验组：复合物植人体内后8周未形成软骨，甲状软骨缺损修复不理想。结论 ACM体外培养和体内植入均未能为软骨细胞生长提供支持，作为一种天然细胞培养支架，尚有待进一步改进与完善。

REPAIR OF THYROID CARTILAGE DEFECTS WITH CHONDROCYTE-ALLOGENOUS ACELLULAR CARTILAGINOUS MATRIX COMPOSITE IN RABBITS

Objective To investigate the feasibility of repairing thyroid cartilage defects by implantation of chondrocyte-allogenous acellular cartilaginous matrix(chondrocyte-ACM) composite in rabbits. Methods The thyroid chondrocytes were isolated and co-cultured in vitro with allogenous acellular cartilaginous matrix(ACM) to form the chondrocyte-ACM composite. The composite was analyzed histologically and was used to repair defects of thyroid cartilage. Eighteen New Zealand adult rabbits were made the defect models of thyroid cartilage at the two sides and divided into three groups. The defects were repaired with chondrocyte-ACM composite in the experimental group(n=6), with simple ACM in the ACM group (n=6)and without any material in the control group(n=6). The animals were sacrificed at 8 weeks after operation. The specimens were evaluated histologically. Results In vitro, the growth of chondrocytes was observed on the surface of allogenous acellular cartilaginous matrix and no chondrocytes grew inside the matrix. The defect filled with muscle and connective tissues in control group; the lymphocyte infiltration was observed in the matrix and no new cartilage formation occurred at 8 weeks after operation in simple ACM group and experimental group. So the defect repair of rabbits thyroid cartilage failed. Conclusion The allogenous acellular cartilaginous matrix failed to serve as a scaffold for chondrocytes both in vitro and in vivo. The allogenous acellular cartilaginous matrix should be improved.