新型铈掺杂碳量子点的构建及其对乳腺癌细胞的杀伤作用

目的: 制备具有高效光热消融功能的铈掺杂碳量子点并用于乳腺癌细胞的光热治疗。方法: 以草酸铈和甘氨酸为前驱物，通过微波水热碳化法制备铈掺杂的碳量子点（cerium doped carbon quantum dots, Ce-doped CDs）；利用高倍透射电镜表征其形貌；利用荧光光谱表征其荧光性能；利用近红外热成像仪表征其光热转换效能；采用4T1乳腺癌细胞体外验证Ce-doped CDs的光热杀伤效果。结果： 成功制备出形貌均一、粒径约为2.6 nm且生物相容性良好的Ce-doped CDs，其具有优越的荧光性能和光热转换效能。随着Ce-doped CDs浓度的增加，在特定近红外激光光（808 nm）照射下4T1乳腺癌细胞活性也随之降低，同时正常细胞比肿瘤细胞具有更强的光热耐受性。结论： 成功制备具有荧光性能和光热转换效能的铈掺杂碳量子点，制备的碳量子点可将近红外的光能转换成热能从而有效杀伤肿瘤细胞。

Construction of new cerium doped carbon quantum dots and their killing effect on breast cancer cells

Objective: To prepare cerium doped carbon quantum dots (Ce-doped CDs) with efficient photothermal ablation for the photothermal treatment of breast cancer cell. Methods: Ce-doped CDs were prepared by microwave-assisted hydrothermal carbonization with cerium oxalate and glycine as precursors. The morphology was characterized by high power transmission electron microscopy. Fluorescence spectra were used to characterize its fluorescence properties. Near-infrared thermal imager was used to characterize the photothermal conversion efficiency. The photothermal killing effect of Ce-doped CDs was verified with 4T1 breast cancer cells in vitro. Results: Ce-doped CDs with uniform morphology, particle size of about 2.6 nm and good biocompatibility were successfully prepared, which had excellent fluorescence performance and photothermal conversion efficiency. As the concentration of Ce-doped CDs increased, 4T1 cell activity decreased under specific near-infrared light irradiation (808 nm), and normal cells had greater photothermal tolerance than tumor cells. Conclusion: Ce-doped CDs with fluorescence property and photothermal conversion efficiency were successfully prepared. The prepared Ce-doped CDs can effectively convert near-infrared light energy into heat energy, thus effectively kill tumor cells.［Key words］cerium doped carbon quantum dots; photothermal therapy; carbon quantum dots; breast cancer cell; fluorescence; cell viability; photothermal ablation