神经型布氏杆菌病的研究进展与分析

布氏杆菌病是世界上最常见的人兽共患传染病。它以动物为主要宿主,人类是其第二主要宿主。在国内,羊是主要的传染源。布氏杆菌可侵犯人体各个系统,其临床表现变化多端,侵犯神经系统则称其为神经型布氏杆菌病,较罕见,但表现十分复杂,可表现为脑膜炎、脑膜脑炎、急性脑血管病、癫痫等。正因如此,临床诊断较困难,很容易误诊。虽然神经型布氏杆菌病的病死率较低,但误诊或治疗不及时则会导致终身残疾。为提高广大临床工作者对神经型布氏杆菌病的认识与重视,现将其发病机制、流行病学、临床特点、辅助检查、诊断治疗及预防预后综述如下,并就目前国内对神经型布氏杆菌病诊断治疗方面存在的问题提出一点粗浅的建议。

Advances and analysis in neuronal brucellosis

Brucellosis is the most common zoonotic infectious disease in the world.The main host is animals,and human being is the second main host.Sheep are the main source of infection in China.Brucella can invade all systems of human body,its clinical manifestations are varied,and the invasion of the nervous system is "neurological brucellosis (NB)".It is relatively rare,and complicated which can be meningitis,meningoencephalitis,acute cerebrovascular disease,epilepsy and so on.Be cause of this,the clinical diagnosis become difficult,also,it is easy to misdiagnose.Although the fatality rate of NB is low,misdiagnosis or treatment is not timely,it will lead to lifelong disability.In order to promote the understanding and attention of the clinicians in neurobrucellosis,the pathogenesis,epidemiology,clinical features,auxiliary examination,diagnosis,treatment and prevention prognosis are summed and some suggestions will be given in this review about the diagnosis and treatment of neuronal brucellosis aiming to solve the problems exist in China.