2013-2014年福州市环境污水应用于肠道病毒监测结果分析

目的 了解环境污水监测对肠道病毒(Enterovirus,EV)相关疾病防控的意义和作用.方法 选择福州祥板和洋里两个污水处理厂作为监测点,每月采集进口污水各1份,应用阴离子膜进行污水浓缩,接种RD、L20B和HEp-2进行病毒分离,微量血清中和试验及RT-PCR确定其血清型,VP1测序遗传特征分析.结果 2013-2014年采集的48份污水标本中44份(91.67％)病毒分离阳性,分离到268株病毒,已鉴定涵盖22个血清型;病毒分离高峰期为2-7月,较监测病例高峰早约2个月.2013年埃坷病毒(Echovirus,Echo)7型为优势血清型(43.61％),2014年转变为Ech06占绝对优势(62.96％);遗传特征分析显示:Ech06和Ech07污水分离株较同时期病例分离株更为多样;病例株与污水株具高度同源性,在遗传进化树图位于同一个分支.结论 环境污水应用于肠道病毒监测,较现有的病例监测更为敏感.

Enterovirus distribution in environmental sewage in Fuzhou City, 2013-2014

In order to explore the significance of enterovirus environmental surveillance of sewage,two sewage treatment plants in Fuzhou City were selected as sentinel surveillance sites.One sewage sample was collected from entrance of each plant every month,and total 48 samples were studied from 2013 to 2014 in Fuzhou City.Using the RD,L20B and Hep-2 cell lines to isolate the viruses,44 of the 48 sewage samples (91.67％) were positive,268 strains were isolated which covered at least 22 enterovirus serotypes.The peak season of virus isolation from sewage was in February and July which was two months earlier than patient surveillance.Eehovirus type 7 (Echo 7) was the predominant serotype in 2013 with 58 isolations (43.61％),and in 2014 echovirus type 6 (ECHO 6) became the predominant serotype with 85 isolates (62.96％),among the strains isolated from sewage sample.Phylogenetic analysis found that the predominant serotype Echo 6 and Echo 7 isolated from sewage were more diversified than that from clinical cases during the same period,and were high homology with isolates form patients which belong to same branch in phylogenetic tree.In conclusion,enterovirus environmental sewage surveillance is an effective approach,and could be more sensitive than patient surveillance.