血管内支架治疗症状性大脑中动脉M1段高度狭窄的临床研究

目的探讨症状性大脑中动脉M1段高度狭窄的患者行血管内介入治疗的有效性、安全性,以及并发症发生的原因。方法对经TCD、颅脑CT血管成像(computed tomography angiography,CTA)或脑血管造影术(digital subtraction angiograyhy,DSA)证实为大脑中动脉M1段高度狭窄(90%)的256例患者进行血管内介入治疗,对临床症状变化,手术成功率、狭窄病变改善情况、远期血管通畅率以及支架内再狭窄率进行评估。结果251例(251/256)症状性大脑中动脉M1段高度狭窄患者成功的进行血管内介入治疗,手术成功率为98.05%。其中15例患者出现与神经功能、死亡相关的并发症(5.86%)。血管狭窄率从手术前(92.26%±2.11%)下降至术后(15.40%±2.60%)。平均m RS和NIHSS评分较术前明显降低。术后平均随访(21.70±0.80)个月,249例患者接受脑血管造影复查,平均狭窄率为(12.81%±2.20%)。23例患者发生支架内再狭窄(ISR),再狭窄率为9.24%,其中5例出现缺血性卒中再发,复发率为2.01%。结论血管内介入治疗症状性大脑中动脉M1段高度狭窄具有安全、有效的优点,手术并发症低,随访结果显示血管通畅率好以及较好的预防前循环缺血事件的发生。

Clinical study of endovascular stent for the treatment of symptomatic M1 stenosis of middle cerebral artery

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of endovascular therapy in the treatment of symptomatic M1 stenosis of middle cerebral artery as well as the causes of perioperative complications.Methods Two hundred fifty-six patients with symptomatic M1 stenosis of middle cerebral artery (＞90％) confirmed by TCD,cerebral CT angiography and DSA was treated by endovascular intervention.The success rate,the changes of stenosis,longterm vascular patency rate,in-stent restenosis rate were analyzed.Results endovascular stent was successfully placed in 251 patients with the M1 part of symptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis and the successful rate was 98.05％.Fifteen patients had complications (5.86％) which caused neurology deficits and deaths.The degree of vascular stenosis was significantly reduced after stenosis (Before vs After:92.26％±2.11％ vs 15.40％±2.60％).The mean mRS and NIHSS scores was decreased significantly.The average follow-up duration was (21.70±0.80) months,249 patients underwent a second DSA and the mean stenosis was (21.70％±0.80％).Twenty-three patients developed instent restenosis (ISR) and ISR rate was 9.24％.Recurrence ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attacks occurred in 5 patients and recurrence rate was 2.01％.Conclusion Endovascular therapy of symptomatic M1 stenosis of middle cerebral artery is safety and efficacy with low complications.The follow-up results reveal good patency rate and excellent prevention of anterior circulation ischemia.