四川省血吸虫病流行区居民疫水接触行为及影响因素分析

目的从收集的血吸虫病问卷资料了解血吸虫病健康教育知信行(KAP)模式的路径。分析自我效能对于知信行模式路径的影响。方法2019-09/10对目标人群进行了血吸虫病防治知信行问卷进行调查,调查问卷为自编问卷。利用Excel 2013软件建立数据库,使用SPSS 25.0软件进行数据的整理,描述性统计分析,采用均数±标准差表示计量资料,2个组间比较使用独立样本t检验,多组间比较使用单因素方差分析,事后两两比较使用LSD法,计数资料使用例数,百分比表示,组间比较使用四格表卡方检验。变量间的相关性使用Pearson相关性分析;使用一般线性模型进行回归分析;以P<0.01为差异有统计学意义。结果认知正向影响血防信念,认知和血防信念均正向影响行为(P<0.01),且认知-信念-行为路径存在部分中介效应,自我效能对于认知-信念和信念-行为两条路径存在调节效应(P<0.01)。结论根据血防知信行模式对血吸虫病流行地区的人群进行积极干预的同时,需结同时考虑其他因素对于流行地区居民培养健康相关行为的影响,更科学的有针对性的对居民制定干预方法。

Analysis on the Behavior of Contact Water and Influencing Factors in Schistosomiasis Endemic Areas of Sichuan Province

Objective To understand the path of KAP model of schistosomiasis health education from the collected questionnaire data.And to analyze the influence of self-efficacy on the path of KAP model.Methods During 2019-09/10,the target population was investigated with the questionnaire of schistosomiasis control knowledge,belief and behavior,which was self-made questionnaire.Excel2013 was used to establish the database,SPSS 25.0 was used for data collation and descriptive statistical analysis,the mean+/-standard deviation was used to represent measurement data,independent sample t-test was used for the comparison between two groups,the single factor analysis of variance was used for comparison between more groups,LSD method,was used for the two two comparison afterwards.Number of cases and percentages were used to express the enumeration data,four table chi-square test was used for the comparison between groups.Pearson correlation analysis was used for correlation among variables.General linear model was used for regression analysis.P<0.01 was statistically significant.Results Cognition positively affected belief of prevention of schistosomiasis,cognition and belief positively affected the behavior of control schistosomiasis(P<0.01),and there were some mediating effects in cognition belief behavior path,self-efficacy had moderating effects on the two pathways of cognition-belief and belief-behavior(P<0.01).Conclusion While KAP model engaged in active intervention,it is necessary to consider the influence of other factors on the health-related behaviors of residents in the epidemic area,and make more scientific and targeted intervention methods for residents.