人羊膜上皮细胞移植用于兔损伤声带组织修复的初步研究

目的 研究人羊膜上皮细胞(human amniotic epithelial cells,hAEC)移植入兔声带损伤组织内的生长分布特点,探索hAEC促进声带损伤后修复再生的潜能.方法 分离和培养hAEC,慢病毒增强型绿色荧光蛋白(1entivirus enhanced green fluorescent protein,Lenti-EGFP)基因转染作标记.建立深及声韧带的兔声带损伤模型,设hAEC移植组(13侧声带)、损伤对照组(13侧声带)及正常对照组(4侧声带).荧光显微镜下连续观察hAEC在声带内的存活、分布情况,应用HE染色和免疫组化染色分析胶原、纤维连接蛋白等主要细胞外基质在损伤后3个月时的含量及分布.结果 hAEC原代培养6 d后呈铺路石样生长,植入声带损伤组织后可在固有层内持续存活2个月,细胞呈纵向排列,有趋向性.声带损伤2个月时免疫荧光显示hAEC移植组兔肌细胞标志结蛋白荧光阳性,提示hAEC向肌细胞分化;同时Ⅲ型胶原荧光阳性,提示hAEC植入后具有分泌Ⅲ型胶原功能.光镜观察见hAEC移植后3个月兔胶原纤维密度和排序较损伤对照组改善,但未及正常;免疫组化染色示hAEC移植组纤维连接蛋白含量和分布介于损伤对照组和正常对照组之间.结论 hAEC可在异种动物声带损伤组织内持续存活、生长,并有向声带组织分化和分泌部分细胞外基质的潜能,可能促进声带损伤后的修复再生.

Preliminary research on the regeneration of injured rabbit vocal folds after the transplantation of human amniotic epithelial cells

Objective To investigate the survival, growth and distribution of human amniotic epithelial cells (hAEC) after injected into injured rabbit vocal folds, in addition, to assess the ability of hAEC to affect the components of lamina propria extracellular matrix (ECM) and prevent vocal fold scarring.Methods hAEC were isolated from human amnion and marked by Lenti-EGFP. Fifteen New Zealand rabbits were used for this experiment. EGFP-hAEC was injected into the left injured vocal folds in thirteen rabbits, and the contralateral thirteen vocal folds experienced an injured procedure only (" injured untreated control"), and four vocal folds were left as untreated controls. The survival, distribution, differentiation potential and secretion function of hAEC were examined by immunofluorescence method. HE staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed for the evaluation of collagen and fibronectin respectively.Results hAEC showed a cobblestone-like growth. After implanted into the injured vocal folds, hAEC could survive in vocal fold lamina propria for 2 months. The immunofluorescence analysis showed the evidence of hAEC differentiation into muscle cells as well as secretion the ECM protein. Three months postoperatively, the density of collagen was higher in the injured untreated control folds than that in the injured vocal folds injected with hAEC and the untreated controls. Besides, the content of fibronectin in the injured untreated control group was significantly increased. Conclusions hAEC survived in the vocal folds lamina propria,and had the potentiality to differentiate into vocal folds tissue and secret some ECM components. The histological improvement caused by the injected cells demonstrate that hAEC had the ability to promote the repairment and regeneration of injured vocal folds.